01-variable-respond-to-mixin.md

What if controlling your media queries was as easy as adding on to a Sass list? What if I told you it now is?

This snippet comes from a modified version of mixins in the Aura Responsive Framework and came from me hijacking the respond-to mixin namespace but still wanting to use it for custom media queries. It's a little ugly and requires Sass 3.2+ (for now, (sudo) gem install sass --pre), but it works a charm.

There are two fairly mundane caveats to this method. First, every media query needs to be named. Second, every media query needs a size and assumes min-width and screen. If you want to change min-width, simply add your operator as another option, but if you want to change screen, you need to also include your operator even if you want it to be min-width.

Also, I haven't built in warnings yet for when you do bad things, so bear that in mind.

Without further adue, tada.

02-sample.scss

// Four breakpoints: foo, bar, baz, and qux.
//
// Foo assumes the defaults of min-width and screen. Foo will gen @media screen and (min-width: 500px)
// Bar changes min-width to max, but assumes screen as well. Bar will gen @media screen and (max-width: 700px)
// Baz wants to use min-width, but change media type, so min-width needs to be re-declare. Baz will gen @media tv and (min-width: 700px)
// Qux goes all out and has a full unique media query. Qux will get @media tv and (max-width: 900px)

$breakpoints: 'foo' 500px, 'bar' 700px 'max-width', 'baz' 700px 'min-width' tv, 'qux' 900px 'max-width' tv;

// Let's call respond-to!
#waldo {
  background: red;

  @include respond-to('foo') {
    background: green;
  }

  @include respond-to('bar') {
    background: yellow;
  }

  @include respond-to('baz') {
    background: purple;
  }

  @include respond-to('qux') {
    background: orange;
  }
}

// Our Output:
#waldo {
  background: red;
}

@media screen and (min-width: 500px) {
  #waldo {
    background: green;
  }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 700px) {
  #waldo {
    background: yellow;
  }
}

@media tv and (min-width: 700px) {
  #waldo {
    background: purple;
  }
}

@media tv and (max-width: 900px) {
  #waldo {
    background: orange;
  }
}

03-mixins.scss

// Our respond-to mixin, with the new hotness?
// A little more complicated than previous respond-to mixins, but not runs off of a variable. Truthfully, a little sloppy, but can't think of a better way to do it in just Sass ATM. This is also Rev 1 so if someone can help me make it better, I'm all ears.

@mixin respond-to($context) {
  // Special case for Breakpoint Length equal to 2, 3, or 4
  @if length($breakpoints) >= 2 and length($breakpoints) <= 4 {
    // Check to see if the 2nd item is a number. If it is, we've got a single query
    @if type-of(nth($breakpoints, 2)) == 'number' {
      // Check to see if the context matches the breakpoint namespace
      @if $context == nth($breakpoints, 1) {
        // Call Media Query Generator
        @include media-query-gen($breakpoints) {
          @content;
        }
      }
    }
    // Else, loop over all of them
    @else {
      // Loop over each breakpoint and check context
      @each $bkpt in $breakpoints {
        // If context is correct…
        @if $context == nth($bkpt, 1) {
          // Call the generator!
          @include media-query-gen($bkpt) {
            @content;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  // Else, loop over all of them
  @else {
    // Loop over each breakpoint and check context
    @each $bkpt in $breakpoints {
      // If context is correct…
      @if $context == nth($bkpt, 1) {
        // Call the generator!
        @include media-query-gen($bkpt) {
          @content;
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

// This functionality gets used three times so I turned it into its own function.

@mixin media-query-gen($bpt) {
  // Get length of breakpoint variable, minus the namespace
  $length: length($bpt);
  // Go through all of the breakpoint items, starting at the second, and add them to a variable to be passed into the media query mixin
  $mq: false !default;
  @for $i from 2 through $length {
    // If it's the first item, override $mq
    @if $i == 2 {
      $mq: nth($bpt, $i);
    }
    // Else, join $mq
    @else {
      $mq: join($mq, nth($bpt, $i));
    }
  }
  // Call Media Query mixin
  @include media-query($mq) {
    @content;
  }
}

// Slightly modified version of my Media Query Mixin (https://gist.github.com/2490750) from earlier, modified to accommodate list input
@mixin media-query($value, $operator: 'min-width', $query: 'screen') {
  // If a list is passed in for value, break it into value, operator, and query
  @if type-of($value) == 'list' {
    $mq: $value;
    
    @for $i from 1 through length($mq) {
      @if $i == 1 {
        $value: nth($mq, 1);
      }
      @else if $i == 2 {
        $operator: nth($mq, 2);
      }
      @else if $i == 3 {
        $query: nth($mq, 3);
      }
    }
  }
  
  @media #{$query} and (#{$operator}: #{$value}) {
    @content;
  }
}