Arch Linux VM Setup

Beginner's Guide

Following the steps found on the Arch wiki: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners%27_Guide

set font
```
setfont Lat2-Terminus16
```
set up locale
```
vi /etc/locale.gen
```
- un comment line with "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8"
test network
```
ping -c 3 www.google.com
```
check interface
```
ip link
```
- copy down name of interface (enp0s3)
partition drive
```
cgdisk /dev/sda
```
format partition
```
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
```
mount partiton
```
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
```
install the base
```
pacstrap -i /mnt base
```

Generate an fstab

genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab 
vi /mnt/etc/fstab

Chroot and configure the base system

arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash

vi /etc/locale.gen

un comment line with "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8"

echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

vi /etc/vconsole.conf

Add FONT=Lat2-Terminus16

ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/CST6CDT /etc/localtime

hwclock --systohc --utc

Hostname
```
echo arch-vm > /etc/hostname
```

Configure the network (Wired using netctl)

#systemctl enable dhcpcd.service
systemctl enable [email protected]

#cd /etc/netctl
#cp examples/etherenet-static my-network
#vi my-network  # didn't need anything
#netctl enable my-network

Create an initial ramdisk environment
```
mkinitcpio -p linux
```
Set the root password
```
passwd
```
- (1 to 2)
Install and configure a bootloader
```
pacman -S gptfdisk syslinux
syslinux-install_update -i -a -m
```
- Above causes "FAILED to set attribute Legacy BIOS Bootable on /dev/sdaX" unless gdisk is installed.

edit syslinux.cfg and change /dev/sda3 to /dev/sda1

vi /boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg

  ...
    LABEL arch
      ...
        APPEND root=/dev/sda1 ro
        ...

Unmount the partitions and reboot (remove media from virtual dvd)
```
exit
umount /mnt
reboot
```

Install the Guest Additions (VirtualBox)

Download at: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/VirtualBox#Arch_Linux_guests

pacman -S virtualbox-guest-utils
modprobe -a vboxguest vboxsf vboxvideo

vi /etc/modules-load.d/virtualbox.conf

Add the following to the above file
```
vboxguest
vboxsf
vboxvideo
```

keep date and time in sync

systemctl enable vboxservice.service
systemctl start vboxservice.service

Sound setup
- Install ALSA Utils
```
pacman -S alsa-utils
```
- More info here: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Advanced_Linux_Sound_Architecture#Unmuting_the_channels
- Configure sound
  - alsa-mixer
  - right and left arrows select channels
  - unmute Master and PCM channels (MM = mute, OO = open) by pressing "m"
  - run up volume all the way with up arrow
  - hit esc
- Test sound
```
speaker-test -c 2
```

Install X Windows

pacman -S xorg-server xorg-server-utils xorg-xinit
pacman -S xorg-twm xorg-xclock xterm

Add User

useradd -m -g users -s /bin/bash pete
  passwd pete

petu...

setup sudo

Based on: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Sudo

pacman -S sudo
visudo

add the following in visudo

    pete ALL=(ALL) ALL
    ```
  
* login as new user on another virtual terminal

setup X for user

 cp /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc ~/.xinitrc
 vi ~/.xinitrc

Add the following line to the top of ~/.xinitrc above any exec options. This adds VirtualBox functionality to X so the vm window can be resized, etc.
```
/usr/bin/VBoxClient-all
```

change last few lines

twm &
exec xterm -geometry 30x30+0+0 -name login

peteyoung/arch_linux_vm_setup.md

Arch Linux VM Setup

Beginner's Guide