simple script to list all serial ports. if port is populated, device info is printed

list_serial.py

import os
import serial.tools.list_ports as list_ports
import stat
from pwd import getpwuid

def list_all_ports():
    ports = list_ports.comports()
    for port in ports:
        print(f"Device: {port.device:<15} Path: {port.device_path}")
        if (
            port.vid != None
            or port.pid != None
            or port.hwid != "n/a"
            or port.serial_number != None
            or port.location != None
        ):
            check_permissions(port.device)           
            print(
                f"\tLocation: {port.location}\n\tManufacturer: {port.manufacturer}\n\tDescription: {port.description}\n\tVID: 0x{port.vid:04X}\n\tPID: 0x{port.pid:04X}\n\tHWID: {port.hwid}\n\tSerial: {port.serial_number}"
            )

def check_permissions(file_path):
    if not os.path.exists(file_path):
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"The file {file_path} does not exist.")
    
    mode = os.stat(file_path).st_mode
    
    permissions = stat.filemode(mode)
    
    st_uid = os.stat(file_path).st_uid
    userinfo = getpwuid(st_uid)
    username = userinfo.pw_name
    
    # print(f"File: {file_path}")
    print(f"\tPermissions: {permissions}\tOwner: {username}")


list_all_ports()

and some helpful serial commands

list usb devices (verbose):
lsusb -v

check udev:
udevadm monitor -p

list devices:
ls -l /dev | grep tty

check dmesg:
sudo dmesg | grep tty