If a Vulkan build of a GPU application like llama.cpp or stable-diffusion.cpp cannot find your graphics card, you need updated Mesa Vulkan drivers.
Mesa Vulkan drivers are open-source user-space drivers that translate Vulkan API calls into instructions your GPU can execute.
To install the latest drivers on Ubuntu, use the Kisak Mesa PPA. Kisak is a developer at Valve.
sudo apt update
This assumes you already have AMD Adrenalin installed on the Windows side with up-to-date chipset drivers.
Even if you are not compiling GPU programs, you still need the shared libraries for binaries that dynamically link to them at runtime. For example, running ldd llama-server reports that it requires many libhip*.so and libroc*.so files. If these are not in your LD_LIBRARY_PATH, the program will crash.
Go to https://repo.radeon.com/amdgpu-install and find the latest release for your OS. I'm on Ubuntu 24 (Noble):
wget https://repo.radeon.com/amdgpu-install/7.2.4/ubuntu/noble/amdgpu-install_7.2.4.70204-1_all.deb
Historically, GnuPG stored keys in a flat file (pubring.gpg). Modern versions moved toward keyboxd, a background SQLite-based daemon.
When you run a command like git commit or gpg --list-keys, Windows has to do a bunch of things, and for whatever reason those things are slow.
To shift this work to login time:
powershell.exe and the arguments:
Instead of concatenation:
str=""
str+="This is a\n"
str+="multiline string"You can use a heredoc:
| def aspect_ratio(width=0, height=0): | |
| if width <= 0 or height <= 0: | |
| return None | |
| a, b = width, height | |
| while b: | |
| a, b = b, a % b | |
| gcd = a | |
| return (width // gcd, height // gcd) |
You can use the $0 variable to get the script's path:
cat "$(dirname $0)/some/file.txt"If you have Bash, you can use ${BASH_SOURCE[0]} instead of $(dirname $0), to avoid spawning a subshell. To test, create 2 files in /tmp/test:
mkdir -p /tmp/test
This assumes you have a free Cloudflare account and you're already using it as your DNS provider. Also, this is going to be using cloudflared directly on-demand, rather than an always-on systemd service. Based on the official tutorial.
Installing the system service is optional.
# mac
brew install cloudflared
| #!/usr/bin/env bash | |
| set -euo pipefail | |
| # Generates favicons and a webmanifest from a single image | |
| # https://evilmartians.com/chronicles/how-to-favicon-in-2021-six-files-that-fit-most-needs | |
| # | |
| # Usage: | |
| # favicon.sh <file> [dir] [flags] | |
| # | |
| # Args: |
I wanted to be able to SSH into my Windows laptop directly into Linux. I also wanted to disable password authentication and only allow public key (RSA in my case) authentication.
Scott Hanselman wrote a blog post on how to make your default WSL2 distro your default shell for SSH. Windows OS Hub published an article on using public key authentication. These were both helpful resources.
I'll assume you're already familiar with using SSH keys. If not, this article at DigitalOcean is very informative.
First thing you want to do is create the file $HOME\.ssh\authorized_keys. If you run into issues, it could be due to incorrect file ownership.