A hangman game made in console, for windows

hangman_game.py

import json
import json
import random
from os import system
from time import sleep
import string

# This part of code gets the data_set that we will be working with.

def clear_and_pause():
    system('cls')
    sleep(1)


def get_valid_words(file_name, lenght=6):
    f = open(f'{file_name}')

    data = json.load(f)
    words = [word.upper() for word_list in data.values() for word in word_list if len(word) == lenght]

    return words

def string_to_dict(s: str) -> dict:
    
    dict = {}
    for x in range(0, len(s)):
        dict[f'{x}'] = s[x]
    return dict


class Player(object):

    def __init__(self, name, difficulty=6) -> None:
        self.name = name
        self.lives = 6
        self.difficulty = difficulty
        self.winned_games = 0
        self.lost_games = 0

    def play(self):
        """The hangman game works as the following. 
        A player has to guess a random word, but he only has 6 lives. 
        He will know all the words that he has used.
        And will be able to see the position of each correct word.
        In case he reaches to 0 lives, the hagman dies.
        """

        self.lives = 6

        # This set the words that are going to be used.
        word = random.choice(get_valid_words(file_name='words.json',lenght=self.difficulty))

        # We use dictionaries to keep track of the position of each word, this makes the game more fun by allowing words that repeat characters.
        characters_dict = string_to_dict(word)
        
        guessed_characters = {}


        # At the end the guessed_characters should be the same as the characters of the word, we transform them into list and sort them to compare correctly if they have the same characters.
        while sorted(list(guessed_characters.keys())) != sorted(list(characters_dict.keys())) and self.lives > 0:
            # We obtain the hint by analyzing each of the letters that the user has guessed and its position, 
            # on this way we do not give him two hints for the price of 1.
            # So if we have ANA and the user has only guessed one A The hint will look like A-- or --A
            hint = [characters_dict[f'{k}'] if (k in guessed_characters.keys()) else "-" for k in characters_dict.keys()]
            print(f'These are the words you have guessed: {hint}')

            # Here we ask the user for input, and validate it is correct. A.K.A it should be on the alphabet and have only one character 
            guess = input('Guess a word:').upper()
            if guess not in string.ascii_uppercase or len(guess) >= 2:
                print('You have not introduced a valid input, please do so again.')
            
            # This is what happens if the character that user has gave us is in the word.
            if guess in characters_dict.values() and list(guessed_characters.values()).count(guess) < word.count(guess):
                # This variable works for two things, provide a sense of randomness to the position of the word
                # F.E: The hint on this way will be for the word ANA A-- or --A
                # And also this works only if the character repeats itself in the word 
                guess_indexes = [index for index in characters_dict.keys() if characters_dict[f'{index}'] == guess]
                random.shuffle(guess_indexes)
                # If in fact, the word repeats a character two or more times and all characters are not guessed
                if len(guess_indexes) >= 2:
                    
                    # We will review if it is already on our dictionary or otherwise
                    for index in guess_indexes:
                        if index in guessed_characters.keys():
                            continue
                        #We will place it on our dictionary
                        else:
                            guessed_characters[f'{index}'] = guess
                            break
                # If the word only presents a certain character once, we will simply add it to the dictionary
                else:
                    guessed_characters[f'{word.index(guess)}'] = guess
            # If the player fails, we will make him lose 1 life.
            else:
                self.lives -= 1
                print(f'You have not guessed right, you have {self.lives} lives now ):')
        clear_and_pause()
        if self.lives > 0:
            print(f'You have won, and you did so with {self.lives} lives while guessing the word {word}')
            print(f'Congrats, your score is: {self.games_winned}!!')
        else:
            print(f'You have lost, thats sad, with this one it is a total of: {self.lost_games} games lost.')


def create_player():
    clear_and_pause()
    name = input("What's your name:")
    difficulty = int(input("How difficult would you like the game to be(How long will the word be, on characters):"))

    return Player(name, difficulty=difficulty)

def menu():
    print('Welcome to the hangman game. Have fun!!')
    sleep(1)
    player = create_player()
    while True:
        option = input('1)Play\n2)Exit\n')
        if option == '1':
            clear_and_pause()
            player.play()
        elif option == '2':
            clear_and_pause()
            print('Thanks for playing the game, have a nice day.')
            break
        else:
            print('You have not used a correct option, please do so.')

menu()