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December 2, 2020 15:39
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Simplification and cleaning for TRY dispersal traits (TraitID: 28)
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| OrigValueStr | dispersal_syndrome | n | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 'Probably' Pongo pygmaeus | NA | 1 | |
| (water) | hydrochorous | 9 | |
| (water?) | hydrochorous | 1 | |
| 0 | unspecialized | 7172 | |
| 0.2 | NA | 5 | |
| 0.25 | NA | 6 | |
| 0.333333333 | NA | 19 | |
| 0.5 | NA | 31 | |
| 0.6 | NA | 2 | |
| 0.666666667 | NA | 4 | |
| 0.75 | NA | 4 | |
| 0.8 | NA | 1 | |
| 1 | unspecialized | 2892 | |
| endozoochor | zoochorous | 14975 | |
| 15 species of bird including 6 species of Cracidae and 2 species of Ramphastidae; Ateles panisc ... | zoochorous | 1 | |
| 2 | anemochorous | 15 | |
| 3 | zoochorous | 13 | |
| Disp | NA | 14944 | |
| epizoochor | zoochorous | 14786 | |
| meteorochor | anemochorous | 5987 | |
| a-water | hydrochorous | 1 | |
| a-wind | anemochorous | 16 | |
| Acridotheres tristis, Sturnus contra, S. pagodarum | NA | 1 | |
| Acromyrmex striatus (leaf-cutting ant) | NA | 1 | |
| cattle | zoochorous | 5231 | |
| African elephant | NA | 1 | |
| agochor | NA | 4470 | |
| dysochor | zoochorous | 4101 | |
| Agouti paca | NA | 1 | |
| Agouti paca, Dasyprocta punctata | NA | 1 | |
| agouti, horse, cattle, deer, tapir, peccary, paca, some rodents | NA | 1 | |
| agouti, peccary, paca. rodents | NA | 1 | |
| Ailuroedus crassirostris, Ptilonorhynchus violaceus | NA | 1 | |
| Alectronenas madagascariensis; Lepilemur dorsalsis, Lemur macaco | NA | 1 | |
| Alouatta palliata | NA | 1 | |
| sheep | zoochorous | 3948 | |
| Amazona vittata, Margarops fuscatus, Columba squamosa, Geotrygon montana | NA | 1 | |
| American robin | NA | 1 | |
| ethelochor | NA | 3742 | |
| boleochor | anemochorous | 3224 | |
| Anemo | anemochorous | 22 | |
| anemochory | anemochorous | 253 | |
| Anemochory | anemochorous | 23 | |
| Anemochory: Big and round seeds rolling on the ground, pushed by the wind | anemochorous | 14 | |
| Anemochory: Big seeds with "wings", planing in the air (ex, Acer sp.) | anemochorous | 228 | |
| Anemochory: Small seeds with pappus or very light seeds (ex, Crepis sp. or Orchis sp.) | anemochorous | 216 | |
| Anemochory: Stems move with the wind, helping for seed dispersion (ex, Papaver sp.) | anemochorous | 254 | |
| animal | zoochorous | 1646 | |
| Animal | zoochorous | 3227 | |
| Animals | zoochorous | 45 | |
| Anodorhynchus glauca (now extinct) | NA | 1 | |
| Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus | NA | 1 | |
| Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, Deroptyus accipitrinus; Tapirus terrestris | NA | 1 | |
| Diaspore is eaten intentionally | zoochorous | 2578 | |
| ant | zoochorous | 2424 | |
| commerce | NA | 2411 | |
| car or other vehicle | NA | 2394 | |
| Anthracoceros convexus | NA | 1 | |
| Anthracocerus coronatus convexus | NA | 1 | |
| Antillean terrapin | NA | 1 | |
| speirochor | NA | 2310 | |
| Ants | NA | 1 | |
| one-seeded generative dispersule | NA | 2216 | |
| Ants+birds. | zoochorous | 6 | |
| unassisted | unspecialized | 1358 | |
| Aphaenogaster longiceps; Pheidole sp. | NA | 1 | |
| generative dispersule | NA | 879 | |
| Aphenogaster rudis, Myrmica punctiventris, Formica subsericea, Lasius alienus | NA | 1 | |
| Apterix australis, Callaeas cinerea, Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae | NA | 1 | |
| Ara glaucogularis | NA | 1 | |
| Ara severa, Pionites melanocephala; Phrynops rufipes | NA | 1 | |
| Aratinga euops | NA | 1 | |
| ballochor | autochorous | 868 | |
| germinule | NA | 783 | |
| Argusianus argus | NA | 1 | |
| Artibeus jamaicense | NA | 1 | |
| deer | zoochorous | 758 | |
| Artibeus jamaicensis triniatus, A. lituratus palmarum; Stearornis caripensis; Cebus albifrons; ... | NA | 1 | |
| Artibeus jamaicensis, Glossophaga soricina | NA | 1 | |
| Artibeus jamaicensis; Eira barbara (tayra), Ateles geofroyii (spider monkey) | NA | 1 | |
| Artibeus lituratus palmarum | NA | 1 | |
| Artibeus lituratus palmarum; Steatornis caripensis, Thraupis palmarum | NA | 1 | |
| Ateles belzebuth, Tayassu pecari, Cebus sp., Callicebus moloch, Ateles paniscus, Tayassu sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Ateuchus squalidus; Proechimys ihering, Akodon sp., Matachyrus nudicaudatus, Phillander opossum ... | NA | 1 | |
| Aulacorhynchus sulcatus sulcatus | NA | 1 | |
| other | unspecialized | 734 | |
| autochor | autochorous | 1867 | |
| autochory | autochorous | 203 | |
| Autochory | autochorous | 129 | |
| Azteca sp., Paratrichima sp. & Pheidole sp. | NA | 1 | |
| seed contamination | NA | 689 | |
| horse | zoochorous | 687 | |
| hay making machinery | NA | 662 | |
| pig | zoochorous | 657 | |
| ballistochory/non specialized | NA | 1 | |
| ombrochor | autochorous | 634 | |
| rabbit | zoochorous | 627 | |
| chamaechor | autochorous | 580 | |
| Bat-eared fox, Kudu | NA | 1 | |
| Bat-eared fox, Kudu, sheep | NA | 1 | |
| Bat; bird; monkey | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Bats; monkeys | NA | 1 | |
| Bears | NA | 1 | |
| Seeds drop to the ground close to or beneath the parent plant | unspecialized | 527 | |
| clothes and footwear | NA | 481 | |
| mammal | zoochorous | 422 | |
| bird | zoochorous | 3710 | |
| Bird; monkey; coatimundi | zoochorous | 1 | |
| bird? | zoochorous | 19 | |
| birds | zoochorous | 2 | |
| birds or other animals | zoochorous | 8 | |
| birds, cattle and horses | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Birds. | zoochorous | 782 | |
| Birds/bats. | zoochorous | 22 | |
| Birds+fish. | zoochorous | 1 | |
| zoochor | zoochorous | 371 | |
| Unassisted | autochorous | 359 | |
| Bos taurus; Capra hircus; Equus cabalus | NA | 1 | |
| Brycon (piracanjuba), Myloplus (pacu) | NA | 1 | |
| Brycon guatemalensis | NA | 1 | |
| Brycon sp.; Gymnoderus foetidus | NA | 1 | |
| buffalo | NA | 1 | |
| hemerochor | NA | 348 | |
| Cacajao melanocephalus melanocephalus, Tapirus terrestris, Mazama americana, M. gouazoubira, Ta ... | NA | 1 | |
| erosion material | NA | 328 | |
| Caluromys philander, Potos flavus, Saguinus midas; | NA | 1 | |
| Camponotus sp., Iridomyrmex sp. Melophorus spp. Pheidole sp., Rhytidoponera spp., Anthochaera c ... | NA | 1 | |
| Camponotus sp.; Chelaner sp.; Dolichoderus sp.; Iridomyrmex sp.; Pheidole sp.; Rhytidoponera me ... | NA | 1 | |
| Canids, primates, bat-eared fox, Duiker, Kudu | NA | 1 | |
| Canis aureus | NA | 1 | |
| Canis latrans (coyote) | NA | 1 | |
| Canis latrans, Procyon lotor; Ortalis aetula | NA | 1 | |
| Canis latrans, Urocyon cinereoargenteus; Sialia mexicana, S. currucoides, Bombycilla cedrorum | NA | 1 | |
| Diaspore is carried accidentally | unspecialized | 327 | |
| unspecialised | unspecialized | 326 | |
| Carollia perspicillata | NA | 1 | |
| carried by birds | zoochorous | 72 | |
| mouse | zoochorous | 314 | |
| Mammals (non-bat). | zoochorous | 310 | |
| Casuarinus casuarinus | NA | 1 | |
| Casuarius bennetti (dwarf cassowary) | NA | 1 | |
| goat | zoochorous | 294 | |
| Diaspore is carried intentionally | zoochorous | 281 | |
| a-ant | zoochorous | 257 | |
| catfish | NA | 1 | |
| multi-seeded generative dispersule | NA | 233 | |
| Cattle | NA | 1 | |
| cattle, horses (occasionally), tapir | NA | 1 | |
| Cebus albifrons | NA | 1 | |
| Cebus albifrons, Tayassu tajacu, T. pecari; Daptrius ater | NA | 1 | |
| Cebus albifrons; Deroptyus accipitrinus | NA | 1 | |
| hare | zoochorous | 185 | |
| Cebus apella, C. capucinus, Sciurus granatensis | NA | 1 | |
| Cebus sp., Saimiri sciureus, Sciurus sp. | NA | 1 | |
| cedar waxwing | NA | 1 | |
| Cephalophus callipygus | NA | 1 | |
| no | NA | 180 | |
| Cephalophus sylvicultor, C. callipygus | NA | 1 | |
| Ceratogymna atrata | NA | 1 | |
| blastochor | autochorous | 177 | |
| Cercocebus galeritus galeritus, Papio cynocephalus; Gypohierax angolensis, Tauraco persa | NA | 1 | |
| Cercocebus galeritus, Papio cynocephalus | NA | 1 | |
| Cerdocyon thous, Procyon cancrivorus | NA | 1 | |
| Explosive mechanism | autochorous | 172 | |
| Chamaepestes unicolor (black guan), Pharomachrus mocinno (resplendent quetzal), Aulacorhynchus ... | NA | 1 | |
| sheep-dummy | zoochorous | 172 | |
| bythisochor | hydrochorous | 157 | |
| Cicaeum hirundinaceum (mistletoe bird), Acanthogenys rufogularis (spiny-cheeked honeyeater) | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Cichlids, Pacu | NA | 1 | |
| Ciridops anna | NA | 1 | |
| Barochory | autochorous | 156 | |
| Ants. | zoochorous | 151 | |
| donkey | zoochorous | 145 | |
| climbing iguanas | NA | 1 | |
| man | NA | 139 | |
| Colossoma macropomum, C. bidens, Brycon sp., Phractocephalus hemelioterus, Megaladoras irwini, ... | NA | 1 | |
| zoochory | zoochorous | 137 | |
| Columba leucocephala, C. squamosa, C. inornata, Dendrocygna arborea, D. bicolor, Amazona ventra ... | NA | 1 | |
| Combination: animal+unassisted | NA | 6 | |
| Combination: methods originating from parent plant+animal | NA | 5 | |
| Combination: water+animal | NA | 5 | |
| Combination: water+dispersal prevented | NA | 2 | |
| Combination: water+wind+animal | NA | 4 | |
| Combination: wind+animal | NA | 19 | |
| Combination: wind+animal+unassisted | NA | 2 | |
| Combination: wind+unassisted | NA | 5 | |
| Combination: wind+water | NA | 29 | |
| Combination: wind+water+unassisted | NA | 1 | |
| unassisted (no morphological structures aiding dispersal) | unspecialized | 135 | |
| Unassisted and/or methods originating from parent plant | unspecialized | 118 | |
| cow; goat | NA | 1 | |
| Crypturellus boucardi | NA | 1 | |
| Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae | NA | 1 | |
| Cyclura carinata; Amazona leucocephala bahamensis | NA | 1 | |
| Daptrius ater, Steatornis caripensis; Cebus capucinus | NA | 1 | |
| endozoochory | zoochorous | 112 | |
| Dasyprocta prymnolopha (black-rumped agouti); Sciurus aestuans (Guianan squirrel) | NA | 1 | |
| Dasyprocta punctata | NA | 1 | |
| Methods originating from parent plant or diaspore | NA | 112 | |
| Dasyprocta sp., Cerdocyon thous; Rhes americana, Tinamus solitarius | NA | 1 | |
| Vertebrates (unspecified). | zoochorous | 111 | |
| deer, rabbit | NA | 1 | |
| Deroptyus accipitrinus | NA | 1 | |
| Deroptyus accipitrinus; Philander opossum, Caluromys philander | NA | 1 | |
| Endo-zoochory | zoochorous | 109 | |
| Diaspore is blown by wind | anemochorous | 2434 | |
| Diaspore is eaten intentionally, seed ingested or regurgitated | zoochorous | 108 | |
| squirrel | zoochorous | 106 | |
| diaspore is carried on the outside of the vertebrate | NA | 1 | |
| herpochor | zoochorous | 100 | |
| chamois | zoochorous | 97 | |
| yes | NA | 96 | |
| diaspore is eaten intentionally | NA | 1 | |
| carried by mammals | zoochorous | 93 | |
| Mammals (unspecified) | zoochorous | 89 | |
| Diaspore is propelled by action of animal on plant structure | NA | 11 | |
| marten | zoochorous | 89 | |
| Diaspore is propelled by action of wind on the plant structure | anemochorous | 120 | |
| Diaspore is rolled along ground surface by wind | anemochorous | 103 | |
| Didelphis albiventris, Nectomys squamipes, Cebus apella, Agouti paca, Euphractus sexcinctus, Da ... | NA | 1 | |
| Didelphus albiventris, Nectomys squamipes, Cebus apella; Turdus sp., Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus | NA | 1 | |
| capsule | NA | 85 | |
| explosive | autochorous | 84 | |
| pacarana | zoochorous | 84 | |
| ants | zoochorous | 83 | |
| wild boar | zoochorous | 78 | |
| Primarily mammal | zoochorous | 77 | |
| Dispersal wind | anemochorous | 11 | |
| roe | zoochorous | 75 | |
| domestic animal | zoochorous | 3448 | |
| Diaspore is propelled by action of rain on plant structure | autochorous | 73 | |
| Dispersal no | unspecialized | 72 | |
| Dromaius novae-hollandiae (emu) | NA | 1 | |
| Dromaius novaehollandiae (emu) | NA | 1 | |
| Ducula aena | NA | 1 | |
| dormouse | zoochorous | 70 | |
| Ducula rosacea whartoni | NA | 1 | |
| Ducula spilorrhoa | NA | 1 | |
| Ducula spilorrhoa, Ptilinopus superbus, Casuarius casuarius | NA | 1 | |
| Ducula spilorrhoa; Pteropus alecto | NA | 1 | |
| Zoochory with elaiosomes | zoochorous | 69 | |
| fox | zoochorous | 62 | |
| dog | zoochorous | 61 | |
| eaten by birds | zoochorous | 128 | |
| explosive mechanism | autochorous | 58 | |
| Echimys armatus, Philander opossum, Didelphis marsupialis | NA | 1 | |
| Eidolon helvum (straw-coloured fruit bat) | NA | 1 | |
| Eidolon sp., Dolonsia sp., Pteropus sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Eidolon spp., Rousettus spp. | NA | 1 | |
| Elainea ridleyana (tyrant bird) | zoochorous | 1 | |
| elephant | NA | 1 | |
| elephant, baboon | NA | 1 | |
| elephant, impala | NA | 1 | |
| elephants | NA | 1 | |
| snail | zoochorous | 51 | |
| Mammals (bats). | zoochorous | 49 | |
| Epi-zoochory | zoochorous | 45 | |
| Primarily bat | zoochorous | 45 | |
| rainwash | unspecialized | 44 | |
| eaten by mammals | zoochorous | 43 | |
| a-vertebrate | zoochorous | 42 | |
| beech marten | zoochorous | 41 | |
| mountain hare | zoochorous | 41 | |
| Eudynamis scolopacea | NA | 1 | |
| Eudynamys scolopacea | NA | 1 | |
| earthworm | zoochorous | 40 | |
| badger | zoochorous | 39 | |
| trichoptera larva | zoochorous | 37 | |
| Ornithochory | zoochorous | 36 | |
| external | NA | 1 | |
| adhesion-dispersed (hooks, spines or bristles to assist attachment, checked to see if adhered t ... | zoochorous | 35 | |
| finches, tanagers, flycatchers, cotinga | NA | 1 | |
| unassisted/short-distance | unspecialized | 35 | |
| vertebrate-dispersed (aril or fleshy fruit) | zoochorous | 34 | |
| Floating in fresh- or saltwater currents | hydrochorous | 10 | |
| Floating in freshwater currents | hydrochorous | 104 | |
| Floating in saltwater currents | hydrochorous | 110 | |
| Floating or submerged in freshwater currents | hydrochorous | 1 | |
| flycatchers, motmots | NA | 1 | |
| unknown | unspecialized | 33 | |
| a-adhesion | zoochorous | 32 | |
| Freshwater currents (not stated whether diaspore floats or sinks) | hydrochorous | 9 | |
| fruit bats | NA | 1 | |
| Baro | autochorous | 25 | |
| Fruit bats; civet | NA | 1 | |
| Fruit is fleshy | NA | 1 | |
| fruit pigeon | NA | 1 | |
| game | NA | 1 | |
| Wetting by rain or dew | autochorous | 25 | |
| exozoochory | zoochorous | 24 | |
| Geochelone carbonaria, G. denticulata | NA | 1 | |
| hydrochory | hydrochorous | 24 | |
| Giraffe, Kudu | NA | 1 | |
| Mamalochory | zoochorous | 24 | |
| Gorilla gorilla gorilla (lowland gorilla) | NA | 1 | |
| Gorilla gorilla, Pan troglodytes troglodytes, Civettictus civetta; Ceratogymna atrata, C. fistu ... | NA | 1 | |
| Gracula javanica, Turtur tigrinus | NA | 1 | |
| Alouatta palliata (howling monkey) | zoochorous | 23 | |
| Gypohierax angolensis | NA | 1 | |
| Gypohierax angolensis; Tockus fasciatus, Ceratogymna elata, C. atrata, Corvus albus, Merops alb ... | NA | 1 | |
| Hapalemur griseus | NA | 1 | |
| Hapalemur griseus occidentalis | NA | 1 | |
| Hapalemur occidentalis, Lepilemur dorsalis, Lemur macaco | NA | 1 | |
| Hapalemur simus | NA | 1 | |
| Hapalemur simus, Ateles belzebuth; Colossoma bidens, Electrophorus electricus; Cotinga ridgwayi ... | NA | 1 | |
| Seeds are produced below ground level | NA | 23 | |
| harvesting | NA | 1 | |
| harvesting ants | NA | 1 | |
| Dispersal prevented | NA | 22 | |
| marmot | zoochorous | 22 | |
| pine marten | zoochorous | 22 | |
| hedgehog | NA | 1 | |
| shrew | zoochorous | 22 | |
| ant? | zoochorous | 21 | |
| hoarding | NA | 21 | |
| non specialized | unspecialized | 21 | |
| Heteromys sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Heteromys sp.; Chamaepetes unicolor, Aulacorhynchus prasinus | NA | 1 | |
| vertebrate? | zoochorous | 21 | |
| vertebrate | zoochorous | 19 | |
| horse?, agouti, squirrel, tapir?, peccary? | NA | 1 | |
| humans | NA | 1 | |
| ant-dispersed (elaiosome attached) | zoochorous | 18 | |
| Dispersal ectozoochorous | zoochorous | 18 | |
| Hydrochory | NA | 1 | |
| Hylobates agilis | NA | 1 | |
| Hylobates lar | NA | 1 | |
| Icterus sp. (orioles) | NA | 1 | |
| iguanas, alligators | NA | 1 | |
| Insects. | NA | 1 | |
| invertebrate | NA | 1 | |
| Iridomyrmex cf. nitidiceps, Pheidole sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Iridomyrmex purpureus; Pheidole sp.; Acanthagenys rufogularis; Artamus cinereus; Corvus coronoi ... | NA | 1 | |
| Dys-zoochory | zoochorous | 18 | |
| Kudu, primates | NA | 1 | |
| vegetative dispersule | NA | 18 | |
| large birds including toucans | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Lepilemur dorsalis, Lemur macaco | NA | 1 | |
| ballistic | autochorous | 16 | |
| Reptiles. | zoochorous | 15 | |
| Dispersal endozoochorous | zoochorous | 14 | |
| livestock and wild animals | zoochorous | 1 | |
| livestock, wild mammals | NA | 1 | |
| Lizards | NA | 1 | |
| Lizards+mammals (non-bat). | NA | 1 | |
| Lopholaimus antarcticus | NA | 1 | |
| epizoochory | zoochorous | 14 | |
| Loxodonta africana (African elephant) | NA | 1 | |
| Loxodonta africana capensis, Papio anubis | NA | 1 | |
| myrmecochory | zoochorous | 14 | |
| Diaspore is carried or eaten intentionally depending upon the species of disperser | zoochorous | 13 | |
| Macaque; civet | NA | 1 | |
| gravity | unspecialized | 13 | |
| Ornithochory - Mamalochory | zoochorous | 13 | |
| Mammalochory | NA | 1 | |
| Civet | zoochorous | 12 | |
| Mammals (bats)+birds | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Mammals (bats)+birds. | zoochorous | 7 | |
| Mammals (incl. bats), birds and fish | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Mammals (incl. bats), birds and reptiles | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Mammals (incl. bats), birds, reptiles and fish | zoochorous | 2 | |
| fish | zoochorous | 11 | |
| Mammals (incl. bats)+birds | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Mammals (incl. bats)+birds. | zoochorous | 58 | |
| ballistichory | autochorous | 10 | |
| Mammals (non-bat) and reptiles | NA | 1 | |
| developed | NA | 10 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+birds. | zoochorous | 304 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+birds+ants. | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+birds+fish. | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+birds+reptiles. | zoochorous | 2 | |
| none | unspecialized | 10 | |
| beetle larva | zoochorous | 9 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+invertebrates (non-ant). | NA | 1 | |
| Authochory - Mamalochory | autochorous | 8 | |
| chimpanzee | zoochorous | 8 | |
| Mammals (unspecified)/birds | zoochorous | 7 | |
| farm machinery | NA | 8 | |
| Mandrillus sphinx | NA | 1 | |
| manure | NA | 1 | |
| Fish. | zoochorous | 8 | |
| hay cutting | NA | 8 | |
| Melanerpes carolinus; Odocoileus virginianus clavium | NA | 1 | |
| Meliphaga chrysops | NA | 1 | |
| Meliphaga virescens | NA | 1 | |
| mowing | NA | 8 | |
| mule deer | zoochorous | 8 | |
| Melophorus sp.; Rhytidoponera sp.; Acanthagenys rufogularis; Meliphaga virescens | NA | 1 | |
| Messor andrei (harvester ant) | NA | 1 | |
| ox | zoochorous | 8 | |
| Mammals (incl. bats). | zoochorous | 7 | |
| Microcebus murinus, Lemur catta; Coracopsis vasa | NA | 1 | |
| Migrant wood warblers | NA | 1 | |
| Mimus polyglottos | NA | 1 | |
| Mimus thenca (Chilean mockingbird) | zoochorous | 1 | |
| mirmecochory | NA | 1 | |
| Mitu salvini (Salvin's currasow) | NA | 1 | |
| Casuarius casuarius | zoochorous | 6 | |
| Columba leucocephala | zoochorous | 6 | |
| monkeys including Cebus capucinus and other arboreal mammals including kinkajou | NA | 1 | |
| diaspore is carried unintentionally (exo; burr) | zoochorous | 6 | |
| Orycteropus afer (aardvark) | zoochorous | 6 | |
| Paradoxurus hermaphroditus javanicus | zoochorous | 6 | |
| tumbling | autochorous | 6 | |
| Aphaenogaster longiceps | zoochorous | 5 | |
| Myadestes melanops (black-faced solitaire) | NA | 1 | |
| Diaspore is eaten accidentally | zoochorous | 5 | |
| Myadestes townsendi (solitaire) | NA | 1 | |
| Myiozetetes simalis | NA | 1 | |
| Myoprocta exilis (acouchy) | NA | 1 | |
| Iridomyrmex sp. | zoochorous | 5 | |
| Nasua narica, Cebus capucinus, Agouti paca, Dasyprocta punctata, Proechimys semispinosa, Sciuru ... | NA | 1 | |
| Nasua narica, Cebus capucinus, Ateles geoffroyi, Dasyprocta punctata, Sciurus granatensis, Tapi ... | NA | 1 | |
| nautochor | hydrochorous | 104547 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+reptiles. | zoochorous | 5 | |
| Steatornis caripensis | zoochorous | 5 | |
| 1? | NA | 4 | |
| Nucifraga columbiana (Clark's nutcracker) | NA | 1 | |
| nutcracker; rodents | NA | 1 | |
| Odocoileus virginianus clavium | NA | 1 | |
| cassowary | zoochorous | 4 | |
| Fruit bats | zoochorous | 4 | |
| Orang utan, rhinocerous, bears, elephant, crocodile | NA | 1 | |
| Macaca fascicularis | zoochorous | 4 | |
| Anadorhynchus hyacinthinus | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Ortalis ruficauda | NA | 1 | |
| Orthopsittaca manilata | NA | 1 | |
| Orthopsittaca manilata, Ara manilata, Amazona amazonica | NA | 1 | |
| Anchorage mechanism/s | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Osmatreron bicincta | NA | 1 | |
| Arboreal mammals | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Artibeus jamaicensis | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Cebus apella | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Pachycondyla harpax, P. apicalis | NA | 1 | |
| Pan troglodytes troglodytes | NA | 1 | |
| Pan troglodytes troglodytes, Cephalophus sylvicultor | NA | 1 | |
| Pan troglodytes troglodytes, Mandrillus sphinx | NA | 1 | |
| Civet; macaque | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Coracopsis nigra | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Papio ursinus | NA | 1 | |
| Paradisaea rudolphi (bird of paradise) | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Paradoxurus (civets) | NA | 1 | |
| Paradoxurus hermaphroditus | NA | 1 | |
| Heteromys desmarestianus | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Paradoxurus hermaphroditus javanicus, Hylobates klossii | NA | 1 | |
| Paradoxurus hermaphroditus javanicus, Hylobates syndactylus; Ducula spilorrhoa, Casuarius casua ... | NA | 1 | |
| Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Viverra malaccensis; Ducula zoeae, Ptilinopus magnificus | NA | 1 | |
| Paradoxurus philippinensis | NA | 1 | |
| passive | NA | 1 | |
| pasture animals | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Penelope marail | NA | 1 | |
| pet | NA | 1 | |
| Phainopepla nitens (phainopepla), Melanerpes hypopolius (gila woodpecker), Mimus polyglottus (m ... | NA | 1 | |
| Phainoptila melanoxantha sp., Catharus gracilorostris, Myadesates melanops, Chamaepetes unicolo ... | NA | 1 | |
| Pharomachrus mocinno | NA | 1 | |
| Pheidole sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Pheidole sp.; Rhytidoponera metallica | NA | 1 | |
| Pheidole spp. | NA | 1 | |
| Humans. | NA | 3 | |
| pigeon | NA | 1 | |
| Lagopus spp. (grouse, ptarmigan) | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Leptonycteris curasoae; Sylvilagus audubonii (desert cottontail), Lepus californicus (black-tai ... | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Platycercus caledonicus (green rosella) | NA | 1 | |
| Podarcis pityusensis; Martes martes (pine marten), Genetta genetta (spotted genet) | NA | 1 | |
| possums | NA | 1 | |
| Potos flaavus, Sciurus sp., Cebus capucinus, Dasyprocta punctata, Heteromys desmarestianus, Hop ... | NA | 1 | |
| Potos flavus | NA | 1 | |
| Presbytis potenziani | NA | 1 | |
| Presbytis potenziani, Hylobates mulleri x agilis; Cryptophaps poecilorrhoa | NA | 1 | |
| Presbytis potenziani, Pongo pygmaeus, Macaca fascicularis | NA | 1 | |
| livestock | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Primarily bird | zoochorous | 74 | |
| Melophorus sp. | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Procyon lotor, Sciurus carolinensis; Cyanocorax yncas, Corvus ossifragus, Mimus polyglottos, Tu ... | NA | 1 | |
| Proechimys cuvieri, P. guyannensis, Myoprocta exilis, Dasyprocta leporina, Sciurus aestuans | NA | 1 | |
| Psarocolius montezuma | NA | 1 | |
| Psophia crepitans | NA | 1 | |
| Pterodorus granulosus; Sciurus ingrami, Cebus apella, Alouatta fusca, Leontopithicus chrysopygu ... | NA | 1 | |
| Pteroglossus aracari (toucanet); Saguinus midas (tamarin), Ateles geoffroyi (spider monkey), Ca ... | NA | 1 | |
| Pteropus edwardsii | NA | 1 | |
| Pteropus sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Pteropus sp.; Ptilinopus magnificus, P. aurantiifrons, Ducula spilorrhoa, D. zoeae | NA | 1 | |
| Pteropus sp.; Ptilinopus pulchellus, P. superbus, P. iozonus, Ducula spilorrhoa | NA | 1 | |
| Pteropus vampyrus | NA | 1 | |
| Ptilinopus superbus, P. magnificus | NA | 1 | |
| Ptilonopus magnificus magnificus, Lopholaimus antarcticus, Ptilonopus regina regina, Ailuroedus ... | NA | 1 | |
| monkeys | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Pycnonotus cafer, P. luteolus | NA | 1 | |
| Pycnonotus leucogenys mesopotamia, Psittacula krameri | NA | 1 | |
| Pycnonotus xanthopygos (bulbul), Turdus merula (blackbird) | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Pycnonotus xanthopygos (yellow-vented bulbul), Turdus merula (blackbird), Sylvia melanocephala ... | zoochorous | 1 | |
| Redwing | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Ruminants | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Ramphastos brevicarinatus | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphastos brevicarinatus, Crax sp.; Artibeus jamaicensis, Ateles geoffroyi, Heteromys desmares ... | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphastos spp. (toucans); Ateles paniscus (spider monkey), Alouatta seniculus (howler monkey), ... | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphastos swainsoni (chestnut-mandibled toucan), guan | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphastos swainsonii, R. sulfuratus, Tityra semifasciata, Baryphthengus (motmot), Trogon masse ... | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphastos swainsonii, Tityra semifasciata, Vireo flavoviridis | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphastos tucanus | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphastos tucanus, Rupicola rupicola, Ara sp.; Cebus sp., Tayassu sp., Sciurus sp., Agouti sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Ramphocelus passerinii, Melanerpes chrysauchen; Heteromys desmarestianus, Hoplomys gymnurus, Da ... | NA | 1 | |
| turtles | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Varanus grayi | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Reinwardtoena reinwardsti | NA | 1 | |
| Agouti | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Reptiles+birds. | zoochorous | 3 | |
| Rhea americana, Cerdocyon thous, Chrysocyon brachyurus | NA | 1 | |
| Rhea americana; Chrysocyon brachyurus | NA | 1 | |
| Rhytidoponera tasmaniensis, Chelaner cf. rothsteini | NA | 1 | |
| Rhytidoponera ? metallica | NA | 1 | |
| Rhytidoponera inornata | NA | 1 | |
| Rhytidoponera metallica; Meliphaga chrysops; Meliphaga virescens | NA | 1 | |
| ant (elaiosome) | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Aphaenogaster longiceps; Rhytidoponera metallica | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Rhytidoponera tasmaniensis, Iridomyrmex purpureus | NA | 1 | |
| arboreal mammals | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Rhytidoponera violacea | NA | 1 | |
| rodents | NA | 1 | |
| ballistochory | autochorous | 2 | |
| rodents; varanes, turtles | NA | 1 | |
| rodents?, peccary? | NA | 1 | |
| bighorn | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Callicebus torquatus lugens | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Rose-breasted grosbeak, downy woodpecker, red-eyed vireo, scarlet tanager, veery, cedar waxwing ... | NA | 1 | |
| Rousettus aegyptiacus; Lanius excubitor | NA | 1 | |
| Casuarius bennetti pictocollis | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Rupicola rupicola | NA | 1 | |
| Rupicola rupicola, Deroptyus accipitrinus; Ateles belzebuth | NA | 1 | |
| Rupicola rupicola, Penelope marail; Mazama americana, M. gouazoubira; Myleus rhomboidalis | NA | 1 | |
| Rupicola rupicola; Phrynops rufipes; Tapirus terrestris | NA | 1 | |
| Saguinus sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Sciurus (squirrel) | NA | 1 | |
| Sciurus (squirrels) | NA | 1 | |
| Sciurus aureogaster, S. deppei | NA | 1 | |
| Sciurus sp., Dasyprocta sp. | NA | 1 | |
| Sciurus spadiceus, Cebus apella, Dasyprocta variegata, tayassu pecari, Proechmys spp., Oryzomys spp. | NA | 1 | |
| Sciurus variegatoides, Agouti paca, Dasyprocta punctata, Proechimys semispinosa | NA | 1 | |
| Casuarius sp. | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Cephalophus callipygus, C. dorsalis | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Seeds are produced close to ground level | NA | 1 | |
| Ceratogymna atrata, C. cylindricus | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Selenidera maculirostris | NA | 1 | |
| shaken fresh water | hydrochorous | 90948 | |
| Civets? | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Sheep | NA | 1 | |
| Dasyprocta (agouti) | zoochorous | 2 | |
| sheep, cattle, horses | NA | 1 | |
| Dasyprocta punctata (agouti) | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Sigmodon hispidus, 'probably' Liomys salvini | NA | 1 | |
| Small mammals | NA | 1 | |
| Dispersal is delayed until some environmental cue | NA | 2 | |
| song thrush | NA | 1 | |
| sparrow; pig, cow | NA | 1 | |
| Ducula goliath | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Elephas maximus | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Squirrels | NA | 1 | |
| squirrels, many other herbivores; woodpeckers, nutcrackers | NA | 1 | |
| standing fresh water | hydrochorous | 1676 | |
| Steartornis caripensis | NA | 1 | |
| Steatornis (oil-bird) | zoochorous | 1 | |
| For a comprehensive list, see: van Rheede van Oudtshoorn, K. and Van Rooyen, M.W. (1999). Dispe ... | NA | 2 | |
| Steatornis caripensis, Pipile cumanensis; Pithecia monachus, Cebus albifrons, C. apella, Ateles ... | NA | 1 | |
| Strepera fuliginosa (black currawong) | NA | 1 | |
| Submerged in freshwater currents | NA | 3 | |
| Submerged in saltwater currents | NA | 1 | |
| Gazella dorcas (Dorcas gazelle), Capra nubiana (ibex), goat, camel | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Tapirus bairdii | NA | 1 | |
| Tapirus terrestris (tapir) | NA | 1 | |
| Tapirus terrestris, Agouti paca, Dasyprocta agouti, Proechymis ssp., Mazama spp., Sciurus ingra ... | NA | 1 | |
| Tapirus terrestris, Mazama americana, M. gouazoubira, Tayassu tajacu, T. pecari, Callicebus tor ... | NA | 1 | |
| Tapirus terrestris, Mazama americana, M. gouazoubira, Tayassu tajacu, T. pecari, Cebus apella, ... | NA | 1 | |
| Tapirus terrestris, Mazama americana, M. gouazoubira, Tayassu tajacu, T. pecari; Ara ararauna, ... | NA | 1 | |
| Tapirus terrestris, tayassu tajacu, Odocoileus virginicus, Mazama sp., Dasyprocta leporina, Sci ... | NA | 1 | |
| Taxidea taxus, Canis latrans, Procyon lotor | NA | 1 | |
| Tayassu pecari, T. tajacu; Steatornis caripensis, Ramphastos swainsonii | NA | 1 | |
| Tayassu tajacu, T. pecari | NA | 1 | |
| Terrapene carolina (box turtle) | NA | 1 | |
| Terrapene carolina (eastern box turtle) | NA | 1 | |
| terrestrial gopher turtles | NA | 1 | |
| Testudo elephantopus (tortoise) | NA | 1 | |
| Thraupis aepiscopus | NA | 1 | |
| tinamou | NA | 1 | |
| Toucans | NA | 1 | |
| toucans; monkey, kinkajou | NA | 1 | |
| Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus | NA | 1 | |
| hay transport | NA | 2 | |
| Tropidurus torquatus (lizard) | NA | 1 | |
| Herbivorous mammals; crabs | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Turdus merula (thrush), Sylvia atricapilla (blackcap) | NA | 1 | |
| Turdus plebejus (mountain robin), Phainoptila melanoxantha (black-and-yellow silky flycatcher), ... | NA | 1 | |
| Turdus viscivorus (mistle thrush) | NA | 1 | |
| Lepus californicus Gray (black-tailed jackrabbit), Odocoileus hemionus Colombianus (mule deer) | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Loxodonta africana | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Macaque | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Mammals (non-bat) | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+crustacea | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Mammals (non-bat)+humans. | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Melophorus sp., Pheidole sp. | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Monkeys | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Ursu americanus floridanus; Aphelocoma coerulescens | NA | 1 | |
| Myadestes melanops (black-faced solitaire), Phainoptila melanoxantha (black-and-yellow silky fl ... | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Ursus americanus floridanus; Aphelocoma coerulescens | NA | 1 | |
| Ursus americanus floridanus; Mimus polyglottos, Quiscalus mexicanus, Aphelocoma coerulescens, C ... | NA | 1 | |
| Ursus americanus, Odocoileus virginianus, Procyon lotor; Turdus migratorius, Bombycilla cedorum | NA | 1 | |
| Ursus americanus, Procyon lotor, odocoileus virginianus, O. v. clavium | NA | 1 | |
| Pan troglodytes verus, Papio papio | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Varanus grayi; Paradoxurus philippinensis | NA | 1 | |
| Papio anubis (Ghanan olive baboon | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Vegetative growth | NA | 1 | |
| pintail | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Pycnonotus bimaculatus (bulbul) | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Reindeer | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Rhytidoponera sp. | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Rhytidoponera tasmaniensis | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Viverra malaccensis | NA | 1 | |
| Rhytidoponera tasmaniensis, Iridomyrmex sp. | zoochorous | 2 | |
| water | hydrochorous | 4430 | |
| Water | hydrochorous | 287 | |
| water? | hydrochorous | 5 | |
| Water? | hydrochorous | 34 | |
| Rodents | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Rose-breasted grosbeak, downy woodpecker, red-eyed vireo, scarlet tanager, veery, cedar waxwing | zoochorous | 2 | |
| wild cat, jaguar | NA | 1 | |
| wind | anemochorous | 3089 | |
| Wind | anemochorous | 1667 | |
| wind-dispersed (with wing, hairs or bristles to provide air-resistance) | anemochorous | 68 | |
| Wind Animals | NA | 15 | |
| wind/long-distance | anemochorous | 122 | |
| wind? | anemochorous | 20 | |
| Sylvia atricapilla, S. melanocephala | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Ursus americanus floridanus | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Vertebrates | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Vulpes vulpes (red fox) | zoochorous | 2 | |
| Zoo | zoochorous | 2 |
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