Programming Languages

--Programming Languages.md

Programming Languages

Do you know when C# was invented? How about your other favorite programming languages, like JavaScript, Ruby, and R?

In this project you’ll be using lists and LINQ to search a database for answers!

The data is stored in a .tsv file, which stands for tab-separated values. It’s a common way to export data from a spreadsheet or database — you might see this file type when you try to download data from apps like Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets.

Here is what the data would look like as a table (just a few random rows included):

Year	Name	Chief Developer	Predecessors
1990	AMOS BASIC	François Lionet, Constantin Sotiropoulos	STOS BASIC
1991	Visual Basic	Alan Cooper (sold to Microsoft)	QuickBASIC
1995	Ruby	Yukihiro Matsumoto	Smalltalk;Perl
2009	Go	Google	C;Oberon;Limbo;Smalltalk

In Program.cs, the data importing is already taken care of, so you can focus on the queries! The data is stored in languages which is a list of type List<Language>. You can find the definition for the Language class in Language.cs. Here are the class’s important members:

• int Year — When the language was invented
• string Name — The name of the language
• string ChiefDeveloper — The head developer and/or company responsible for making the language
• string Predecessors — The other programming languages that this language is based on
• string Prettify() — Returns a nicely formatted string version of the object

Language.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace ProgrammingLanguages
{
  public class Language
  {
    public static Language FromTsv(string tsvLine)
    {
      string[] values = tsvLine.Split('\t');
      Language lang = new Language(
        Convert.ToInt32(values[0]),
        Convert.ToString(values[1]),
        Convert.ToString(values[2]),
        Convert.ToString(values[3]));
      return lang;
    }

    public int Year
    { get; set; }

    public string Name
    { get; set; }

    public string ChiefDeveloper
    { get; set; }

    public string Predecessors
    { get; set; }

    public Language(int year, string name, string chiefDeveloper, string predecessors)
    {
      Year = year;
      Name = name;
      ChiefDeveloper = chiefDeveloper;
      Predecessors = predecessors;
    }

    public string Prettify()
    {
      return $"{Year}, {Name}, {ChiefDeveloper}, {Predecessors}";
    }

    // #10
    public static void PrettyPrintAll(IEnumerable<Language> languages)
    {
      foreach (var language in languages)
      {
        Console.WriteLine(language.Prettify());
      }
    }
  }
}

Program.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;

namespace ProgrammingLanguages
{
  class Program
  {
    static void Main()
    {
      List<Language> languages = File.ReadAllLines("./languages.tsv")
        .Skip(1)
        .Select(line => Language.FromTsv(line))
        .ToList();

        // #1
        foreach (var language in languages)
        {
          Console.WriteLine(language.Prettify());
        }

        // #2
        var descriptions = languages.Select(language => $"{language.Name} was created in ${language.Year} by {language.ChiefDeveloper}.");
        foreach (var description in descriptions)
        {
          Console.WriteLine(description);
        }

        // #3
        Console.WriteLine(languages.Where(language => language.Name == "C#").First().Prettify());

        // #4
        var microsoftLanguages = languages.Where(language => language.ChiefDeveloper.Contains("Microsoft"));
        foreach (var microsoftLanguage in microsoftLanguages)
        {
          Console.WriteLine(microsoftLanguage.Prettify());
        }

        // #5 
        var lispSuccessors = languages.Where(language => language.Predecessors.Contains("Lisp"));
        foreach (var lispSuccessor in lispSuccessors)
        {
          Console.WriteLine(lispSuccessor.Prettify());
        }

        // #6
        var scripts = languages.Where(language => language.Name.Contains("Script")).Select(language => language.Name);
        foreach (var script in scripts)
        {
          Console.WriteLine(script);
        }

        // #7
        Console.WriteLine(languages.Count());

        // #8
        var milleniums = languages.Where(language => language.Year > 1994 && language.Year < 2006);
        Console.WriteLine(milleniums.Count());

        // #9
        var milleniumsDates = milleniums.Select(millenium => $"{millenium.Name} was invented in {millenium.Year}.");
         foreach (var milleniumsDate in milleniumsDates)
        {
          Console.WriteLine(milleniumsDate);
        }

        // #10
        Language.PrettyPrintAll(languages);

        // #11

    }

    public static void PrintAll(IEnumerable<Object> elements)
    {
          foreach (var element in elements)
      {
        Console.WriteLine(element);
      }
    }
  }
}