Systemd user config (~/.config/systemd/user/*) typically cannot be shared over Samba due to different SELinux context (unconfined_u:object_r:systemd_unit_file_t:s0) than home files (unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0), even if home directory sharing is turned on (sudo setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on). In order to share them, we need to add a custom SELinux policy module.
Try to connect to the systemd user folder with your phone.
Check the denial with: