Sort Linux home Downloads directory into appropriate folders

gistfile1.txt

#!/bin/bash

# ==============================================================================
# This script organizes files in my Downloads directory by file type.
# It creates subdirectories for common file types (e.g., PDFs, Images) and
# moves the files into the appropriate folders.
# Assumes a Downloads directory at /home/USER/Downloads
# ==============================================================================

# Define the Downloads directory.
DOWNLOADS_DIR="$HOME/Downloads"

# Check if the Downloads directory exists. If not, exit with an error.
if [ ! -d "$DOWNLOADS_DIR" ]; then
    echo "Error: The downloads directory was not found at $DOWNLOADS_DIR."
    exit 1
fi

echo "Starting the organization of files in: $DOWNLOADS_DIR"
echo "-----------------------------------------------------"

# Declare an associative array to map file extensions to directory names.
# This makes the script easy to modify and extend.
declare -A file_types
file_types=(
    # Documents
    [pdf]="PDFs"
    [txt]="Documents"
    [doc]="Documents"
    [docx]="Documents"
    [xls]="Documents"
    [xlsx]="Documents"
    [ppt]="Documents"
    [pptx]="Documents"
    [ods]="Documents"
    [csv]="Documents"

    #Ebooks
    [epub]="Ebooks"
    [mobi]="Ebooks"

    # Images
    [jpg]="Images"
    [jpeg]="Images"
    [png]="Images"
    [gif]="Images"
    [svg]="Images"
    [webp]="Images"
    
    # Videos
    [mp4]="Videos"
    [mov]="Videos"
    [mkv]="Videos"

    # Audio
    [mp3]="Audio"
    [wav]="Audio"

    # Archives
    [zip]="Archives"
    [tar]="Archives"
    [gz]="Archives"
    [rar]="Archives"
    [7z]="Archives"

    # Scripts/Code
    [sh]="Scripts"
    [py]="Scripts"
    [js]="Scripts"
    [css]="Scripts"
    [html]="Scripts"

    # Executables/Packages
    [deb]="Packages"
    [rpm]="Packages"
    [bin]="Packages"
    [AppImage]="Packages"

    # Firefox Extension
    [xpi]="Firefox Extension"

    # Android APK
    [apk]="Android APK"
    [apkg]="Android APK"

    # Running Routes
    [fit]="Routes"
    [gpx]="Routes"
)

# Loop through all the files in the Downloads directory.
for file in "$DOWNLOADS_DIR"/*; do
    # Check if the item is a regular file (not a directory or link).
    if [ -f "$file" ]; then
        # Get the filename from the full path.
        filename=$(basename -- "$file")
        # Extract the extension by removing everything up to the last dot.
        extension="${filename##*.}"

        # Check if the file's extension exists as a key in our associative array.
        if [[ -n "${file_types[$extension]}" ]]; then
            # Get the destination directory name from the array.
            dest_dir_name="${file_types[$extension]}"
            DEST_DIR="$DOWNLOADS_DIR/$dest_dir_name"

            # Check if the destination directory exists. If not, create it.
            if [ ! -d "$DEST_DIR" ]; then
                echo "Creating new directory: $DEST_DIR"
                mkdir -p "$DEST_DIR"
            fi

            # Move the file to the destination directory.
            echo "  -> Moving '$filename' to '$dest_dir_name'..."
            mv -v "$file" "$DEST_DIR/"
        else
            # If the file extension is not in the list, it's ignored.
            echo "  -> Ignoring '$filename' (unknown file type)."
        fi
    fi
done

echo "-----------------------------------------------------"
echo "Organization complete."