PHP SQL builder primitives

sql.php

<?php

function in($query, $column, $list) {
  [$sql, $params] = $query;
  $placeholders = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($list), '?'));
  return ["SELECT * FROM ($sql) WHERE `$column` IN $placeholders", array_merge($params, $list)];
}

function where($query, $column, $value) {
  [$sql, $params] = $query;
  return ["SELECT * FROM ($sql) WHERE `$column` = ?", [$value]];
}

function not($query, $column, $value) {
  [$sql, $params] = $query;
  return ["SELECT * FROM ($sql) WHERE `$column` != ?", [$value]];
}