Using Duckdb to query point in polygons in an efficient manner

us-states.sql

-- source https://www.census.gov/geographies/mapping-files/time-series/geo/carto-boundary-file.html
-- https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/GENZ2018/shp/cb_2018_us_state_5m.zip

LOAD spatial;
LOAD geography;

CREATE TABLE wkbstates AS
  SELECT
      name, 
      ST_AsWKB(geom) as geom_wkb     -- Convert GEOMETRY to WKB_BLOB
  FROM ST_Read('us-states-census.geojson');   -- Read the GeoJSON file


CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE states AS
  SELECT
      name,
      s2_prepare(                  -- Prepare for faster queries
          s2_geogfromwkb(geom_wkb) -- Convert WKB (Lon/Lat assumed) to GEOGRAPHY
      ) AS geog
  FROM wkbstates;
  
SELECT
      states.name 
  FROM states 
  WHERE s2_contains(states.geog, 'POINT (-122.33 47.61)'::GEOGRAPHY);