KVO+Blocks

NSObject+BlockObservation.h

//
//  NSObject+BlockObservation.h
//  Version 1.0
//
//  Andy Matuschak
//  [email protected]
//  Public domain because I love you. Let me know how you use it.
//

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>

typedef NSString AMBlockToken;
typedef void (^AMBlockTask)(id obj, NSDictionary *change);

@interface NSObject (AMBlockObservation)
- (AMBlockToken *)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath task:(AMBlockTask)task;
- (AMBlockToken *)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)queue task:(AMBlockTask)task;
- (void)removeObserverWithBlockToken:(AMBlockToken *)token;
@end

NSObject+BlockObservation.m

//
//  NSObject+BlockObservation.h
//  Version 1.0
//
//  Andy Matuschak
//  [email protected]
//  Public domain because I love you. Let me know how you use it.
//

#import "NSObject+BlockObservation.h"
#import <dispatch/dispatch.h>
#import <objc/runtime.h>

@interface AMObserverTrampoline : NSObject
{
    __weak id observee;
    NSString *keyPath;
    AMBlockTask task;
    NSOperationQueue *queue;
    dispatch_once_t cancellationPredicate;
}

- (AMObserverTrampoline *)initObservingObject:(id)obj keyPath:(NSString *)keyPath onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)queue task:(AMBlockTask)task;
- (void)cancelObservation;
@end

@implementation AMObserverTrampoline

static NSString *AMObserverTrampolineContext = @"AMObserverTrampolineContext";

- (AMObserverTrampoline *)initObservingObject:(id)obj keyPath:(NSString *)newKeyPath onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)newQueue task:(AMBlockTask)newTask
{
    if (!(self = [super init])) return nil;
    task = [newTask copy];
    keyPath = [newKeyPath copy];
    queue = [newQueue retain];
    observee = obj;
    cancellationPredicate = 0;
    [observee addObserver:self forKeyPath:keyPath options:0 context:AMObserverTrampolineContext];   
    return self;
}

- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)aKeyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context
{
    if (context == AMObserverTrampolineContext)
    {
        if (queue)
            [queue addOperationWithBlock:^{ task(object, change); }];
        else
            task(object, change);
    }
}

- (void)cancelObservation
{
    dispatch_once(&cancellationPredicate, ^{
        [observee removeObserver:self forKeyPath:keyPath];
        observee = nil;
    });
}

- (void)dealloc
{
    [self cancelObservation];
    [task release];
    [keyPath release];
    [queue release];
    [super dealloc];
}

@end

static NSString *AMObserverMapKey = @"org.andymatuschak.observerMap";
static dispatch_queue_t AMObserverMutationQueue = NULL;

static dispatch_queue_t AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary()
{
    static dispatch_once_t queueCreationPredicate = 0;
    dispatch_once(&queueCreationPredicate, ^{
        AMObserverMutationQueue = dispatch_queue_create("org.andymatuschak.observerMutationQueue", 0);
    });
    return AMObserverMutationQueue;
}

@implementation NSObject (AMBlockObservation)

- (AMBlockToken *)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath task:(AMBlockTask)task
{
    return [self addObserverForKeyPath:keyPath onQueue:nil task:task];
}

- (AMBlockToken *)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)queue task:(AMBlockTask)task
{
    AMBlockToken *token = [[NSProcessInfo processInfo] globallyUniqueString];
    dispatch_sync(AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary(), ^{
        NSMutableDictionary *dict = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey);
        if (!dict)
        {
            dict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
            objc_setAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey, dict, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN);
            [dict release];
        }
        AMObserverTrampoline *trampoline = [[AMObserverTrampoline alloc] initObservingObject:self keyPath:keyPath onQueue:queue task:task];
        [dict setObject:trampoline forKey:token];
        [trampoline release];
    });
    return token;
}

- (void)removeObserverWithBlockToken:(AMBlockToken *)token
{
    dispatch_sync(AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary(), ^{
        NSMutableDictionary *observationDictionary = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey);
        AMObserverTrampoline *trampoline = [observationDictionary objectForKey:token];
        if (!trampoline)
        {
            NSLog(@"[NSObject(AMBlockObservation) removeObserverWithBlockToken]: Ignoring attempt to remove non-existent observer on %@ for token %@.", self, token);
            return;
        }
        [trampoline cancelObservation];
        [observationDictionary removeObjectForKey:token];
        
        // Due to a bug in the obj-c runtime, this dictionary does not get cleaned up on release when running without GC.
        if ([observationDictionary count] == 0)
            objc_setAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey, nil, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN);
    });
}

@end

NSObjectBlockObservation.h

//
//  NSObject+BlockObservation.h
//  Version 1.0
//
//  Andy Matuschak
//  [email protected]
//  Public domain because I love you. Let me know how you use it.
//

/*
 
 Summary of changes made by Brian Webster from the original category:
 
 - Rather than returning a token block that needs to be retained in order to remove the observer
 later on, you instead pass in your own string identifier that can be used later when removing.
 I find this easier than having to keep track of tokens.
 - Added another parameter for specifying NSKeyValueObservingOptions
 - Added a method for observing key paths on multiple objects in a to-many KVC relationship
 - Removed mutation queue, as it could cause deadlocks when used in conjunction with 
 NSKeyValueObservingOptionInitial
 
 */

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>

typedef void (^AMBlockTask)(id obj, NSDictionary *change);

@interface NSObject (AMBlockObservation)
- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath task:(void (^)(id obj, NSDictionary *change))task;
- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath identifier:(NSString*)inIdentifier task:(AMBlockTask)task;
- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)queue task:(AMBlockTask)task;
- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString*)inKeyPath withOptions:(NSKeyValueObservingOptions)inOptions identifier:(NSString*)inIdentifier onQueue:(NSOperationQueue*)inQueue task:(AMBlockTask)task;
- (void)removeObserverForKeyPath:(NSString*)inKeyPath identifier:(NSString*)inIdentifier;

- (void)addObserverForKey:(NSString*)key subKeyPaths:(NSArray*)subKeyPaths withOptions:(NSKeyValueObservingOptions)options onQueue:(NSOperationQueue*)queue task:(void (^)(id object, NSString* key, NSDictionary* change))task;
- (void)removeObserverForKey:(NSString*)key subKeyPaths:(NSArray*)subKeyPaths;

@end

NSObjectBlockObservation.m

//
//  NSObject+BlockObservation.h
//  Version 1.0
//
//  Andy Matuschak
//  [email protected]
//  Public domain because I love you. Let me know how you use it.
//

#if __has_feature(objc_arc)
#error This file must be compiled with ARC disabled
#endif

#import "NSObject+BlockObservation.h"
#import <dispatch/dispatch.h>
#import <objc/runtime.h>

@interface AMObserverTrampoline : NSObject
{
	__weak id observee;
	NSString *keyPath;
	AMBlockTask task;
	NSOperationQueue *queue;
	dispatch_once_t cancellationPredicate;
}

- (AMObserverTrampoline *)initObservingObject:(id)obj keyPath:(NSString *)keyPath options:(NSKeyValueObservingOptions)inOptions onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)queue task:(AMBlockTask)task;
- (void)cancelObservation;
@end

//Removed this from the original implementation because it could cause deadlock when using
//the NSKeyValueObservationOptionsInitial option. Add an observer, that triggers a KVO
//notification, that leads to another add/remove within the first dispatch_sync() call, and
//voila, deadlock

//static dispatch_queue_t AMObserverMutationQueue = NULL;
//
//static dispatch_queue_t AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary()
//{
//    static dispatch_once_t queueCreationPredicate = 0;
//    dispatch_once(&queueCreationPredicate, ^{
//        AMObserverMutationQueue = dispatch_queue_create("org.andymatuschak.observerMutationQueue", 0);
//    });
//    return AMObserverMutationQueue;
//}

@implementation AMObserverTrampoline

static NSString *AMObserverTrampolineContext = @"AMObserverTrampolineContext";

- (AMObserverTrampoline *)initObservingObject:(id)obj keyPath:(NSString *)newKeyPath options:(NSKeyValueObservingOptions)inOptions onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)newQueue task:(AMBlockTask)newTask
{
	if (!(self = [super init])) return nil;
	task = [newTask copy];
	keyPath = [newKeyPath copy];
	queue = [newQueue retain];
	observee = obj;
    cancellationPredicate = 0;
	[observee addObserver:self forKeyPath:keyPath options:inOptions context:AMObserverTrampolineContext];	
	return self;
}

- (NSString *)description
{
	return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"<AMObserverTrampoline %p: observee %p, keyPath %@>", self, observee, keyPath];
}

- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)aKeyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context
{
    if (context == AMObserverTrampolineContext)
	{
//		NSLog(@"key path %@ changed on object %@ with change %@", aKeyPath, [object shortDescription], change);
		if (queue)
			[queue addOperationWithBlock:^{ task(object, change); }];
		else
			task(object, change);
	}
	else
	{
		[super observeValueForKeyPath:aKeyPath ofObject:object change:change context:context];
	}
}

- (void)cancelObservation
{
    dispatch_once(&cancellationPredicate, ^{
        [observee removeObserver:self forKeyPath:keyPath];
        observee = nil;
    });
}

- (void)dealloc
{
	[self cancelObservation];
	[task release];
	[keyPath release];
	[queue release];
	[super dealloc];
}

@end

static NSString *AMObserverMapKey = @"org.andymatuschak.observerMap";

@implementation NSObject (AMBlockObservation)

- (id)keyForTarget:(id)inTarget keyPath:(NSString *)inKeyPath identifier:(NSString *)inIdentifier;
{
	NSAssert(inKeyPath != NULL, @"No key path");
	NSAssert(inTarget != NULL, @"No target");
	
	return([NSString stringWithFormat:@"%p:%@:%@", inTarget, inKeyPath, inIdentifier]);
}

- (NSMutableDictionary*)observationDictionary
{
	NSMutableDictionary*	observationDictionary = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey);
	
	if (observationDictionary == nil)
	{
		observationDictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
		objc_setAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey, observationDictionary, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN);
	}
	return observationDictionary;
}

- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString*)inKeyPath withOptions:(NSKeyValueObservingOptions)inOptions identifier:(NSString*)inIdentifier onQueue:(NSOperationQueue*)inQueue task:(AMBlockTask)task
{
	id			trampolineKey = [self keyForTarget:self keyPath:inKeyPath identifier:inIdentifier];

	//See note at AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary()
//	dispatch_sync(AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary(), ^{
		NSMutableDictionary*		observationDictionary = [self observationDictionary];
		NSAssert1([observationDictionary objectForKey:trampolineKey] == nil, @"Tried to add observation twice for key %@", trampolineKey);
		
		AMObserverTrampoline *trampoline = [[AMObserverTrampoline alloc] initObservingObject:self keyPath:inKeyPath options:inOptions onQueue:inQueue task:task];
		[observationDictionary setObject:trampoline forKey:trampolineKey];
		[trampoline release];
//	});
}

- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath task:(AMBlockTask)task
{
	[self addObserverForKeyPath:keyPath onQueue:nil task:task];
}

- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath identifier:(NSString*)inIdentifier task:(AMBlockTask)task
{
	[self addObserverForKeyPath:keyPath withOptions:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew | NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld identifier:inIdentifier onQueue:nil task:task];
}

- (void)addObserverForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath onQueue:(NSOperationQueue *)queue task:(AMBlockTask)task
{
	[self addObserverForKeyPath:keyPath withOptions:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew | NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld identifier:nil onQueue:queue task:task];
}

- (void)removeObserverForKeyPath:(NSString*)inKeyPath identifier:(NSString*)inIdentifier
{
	//See note at AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary()
//    dispatch_sync(AMObserverMutationQueueCreatingIfNecessary(), ^{
		id			trampolineKey = [self keyForTarget:self keyPath:inKeyPath identifier:inIdentifier];
		NSMutableDictionary *observationDictionary = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey);
		AMObserverTrampoline *trampoline = [observationDictionary objectForKey:trampolineKey];
		if (!trampoline)
		{
			[NSException raise:NSInternalInconsistencyException format:@"Tried to remove non-existent observer on %@ for token %@", self, trampolineKey];
		}
		[trampoline cancelObservation];
		[observationDictionary removeObjectForKey:trampolineKey];
        // Due to a bug in the obj-c runtime, this dictionary does not get cleaned up on release when running without GC.
        if ([observationDictionary count] == 0)
            objc_setAssociatedObject(self, AMObserverMapKey, nil, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN);
//	});
}

#pragma mark --- Multi-value observing ---
- (void)updateObservationsWithChange:(NSDictionary*)inChange subKeyPaths:(NSArray*)subKeyPaths options:(NSKeyValueObservingOptions)options identifier:(NSString*)identifier onQueue:(NSOperationQueue*)queue task:(void (^)(id object, NSString* keyPath, NSDictionary* inChange))task
{
	NSMutableSet*			removedObjects;
	NSMutableSet*			addedObjects;
	id						object;
	NSString*				keyPath;
	
	removedObjects = [NSMutableSet setWithArray:[inChange objectForKey:NSKeyValueChangeOldKey]];
	[removedObjects minusSet:[NSSet setWithArray:[inChange objectForKey:NSKeyValueChangeNewKey]]];
	for (object in removedObjects)
	{
		for (keyPath in subKeyPaths)
			[object removeObserverForKeyPath:keyPath identifier:identifier];
	}
	addedObjects = [NSMutableSet setWithArray:[inChange objectForKey:NSKeyValueChangeNewKey]];
	[addedObjects minusSet:[NSSet setWithArray:[inChange objectForKey:NSKeyValueChangeOldKey]]];
	for (object in addedObjects)
	{
		for (keyPath in subKeyPaths)
		{
			[object addObserverForKeyPath:keyPath withOptions:options identifier:identifier onQueue:queue task:^(id obj, NSDictionary *change) {
				task(obj, keyPath, change);
			}];
		}
	}
}

/*!
 
 @method			addObserverForKeyPath:subKeyPaths:withOptions:identifier:onQueue::
 @abstract		Observes a number of key paths of a to-many relationship
 @discussion		This method is used in a situation where you have a to-many relationship, and you want to observe one or more keys on each object in that to-many relationship.  In addition to observing the existing objects, this will also track objects newly added to the to-many relationship, and stop observing ones that are removed.
 @param			key			The key of the to-many relationship to track
 @param			subKeyPaths	An array of key paths. For each object in the to-many relationship, each of the key paths will be observed.
 @param			options		KVO observing options
 @param			queue		The queue on which KVO callbacks should be executed
 @param			task		The block to be executed when any of the key paths on any of the observed objects changes
 */
- (void)addObserverForKey:(NSString*)key subKeyPaths:(NSArray*)subKeyPaths withOptions:(NSKeyValueObservingOptions)options onQueue:(NSOperationQueue*)queue task:(void (^)(id object, NSString* key, NSDictionary* change))task
{
	NSString*	identifier = [subKeyPaths componentsJoinedByString:@"+"];
	
	[self addObserverForKeyPath:key withOptions:NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld | NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew identifier:identifier onQueue:queue task:^(id obj, NSDictionary *change) {
		[self updateObservationsWithChange:change subKeyPaths:subKeyPaths options:options identifier:identifier onQueue:queue task:task];
	}];
	[self updateObservationsWithChange:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[NSArray array], NSKeyValueChangeOldKey, [self valueForKey:key], NSKeyValueChangeNewKey, nil] subKeyPaths:subKeyPaths options:options identifier:identifier onQueue:queue task:task];
}

- (void)removeObserverForKey:(NSString*)key subKeyPaths:(NSArray*)subKeyPaths
{
	[self updateObservationsWithChange:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:[NSArray array], NSKeyValueChangeNewKey, [self valueForKey:key], NSKeyValueChangeOldKey, nil] subKeyPaths:subKeyPaths options:0 identifier:[subKeyPaths componentsJoinedByString:@":"] onQueue:nil task:NULL];
}

@end