Using Docker, create a SQL Server container, or start one of it already exists.

Start SQL Server Container.ps1

    <# Docs:
       https://hub.docker.com/_/microsoft-mssql-server
       https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/sql-server-linux-configure-environment-variables
    #>

    # Start SQL Server docker instance
    Write-Verbose 'Creating function: Start-SQLServer'
    function Start-SQLServer {
        [CmdletBinding()]
        param (
            [Parameter()][string]$Tag = 'latest',
            [Parameter()][string]$ContainerName = 'sqlserver',
            [Parameter()][string]$Hostname,
            [Parameter()][int]$Port = 1433,
            [Parameter()][ValidateSet('Evaluation','Developer','Express','Web','Standard','EnterpriseCore')]
                         [string]$Edition,
            [Parameter()][switch]$EnableSQLServerAgent,
            [Parameter()][string]$ContainerTimeZone,
            [Parameter()][switch]$Force
        )

        $sa_password = 'yourStrong(!)Password'

        # If a container with that name already exists return an error unless -Force is specified, then we remove
        if ($container_samename = docker container ls --filter "name=${ContainerName}" -q) {
            $container_def = docker inspect $container_samename | ConvertFrom-Json
            if ($Force) {
                "`e[35mRemoving existing container '${ContainerName}'`e[0m`n"
                docker rm -f $ContainerName | Out-Null
            } else {
                Write-Warning "Container '$($container_def.Name.TrimStart('/'))' already exists'. To replace, use -Force"
                return
            }
        }

        if ($container_sameport = docker container ls --filter "publish=${Port}/tcp" -q) {
            $container_def = docker inspect $container_sameport | ConvertFrom-Json
            Write-Warning "Container '$($container_def.Name.TrimStart('/'))' is already using port ${Port}. Specify a different port with -Port, or stop/remove the existing container."
            return
        }

        # create & start
        # Build params to use for docker run call
        $params = (
            '--name', $ContainerName,
            '-p', "${Port}:1433"
        )

        # Optional params
        if ($Hostname) { $params += '-h', $Hostname }

        # Environment variables # https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/sql-server-linux-configure-environment-variables
        $params += '-e', 'ACCEPT_EULA=Y'
        $params += '-e', "MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=${sa_password}"
        # Set the SQL Server edition - e.g. Developer, Standard, Enterprise, etc
        if ($Edition) { $params += '-e', "MSSQL_PID=$Edition" }
        # Enable SQL Server Agent
        if ($EnableSQLServerAgent) { $params += '-e', "MSSQL_AGENT_ENABLED=${EnableSQLServerAgent}" }
        # Set the time zone for the container # https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/linux/sql-server-linux-configure-time-zone
        if ($ContainerTimeZone) { $params += '-e', "TZ=${ContainerTimeZone}" }

        # Image version
        $params += "mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server:${Tag}"

        "docker run -d ${params}"
        docker run -d @params | Out-Null

        "Container '${ContainerName}' has been created and started`n`nWaiting until database is available..."

        while ($true) {
            sleep 1

            # Depending on the version of SQL Server, the path to sqlcmd is different. Testing both because I'm lazy
            docker exec $ContainerName /opt/mssql-tools/bin/sqlcmd -U sa -P $sa_password -C -l 2 -t 2 -Q 'SELECT 1' *>&1 | Out-Null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { break }

            docker exec $ContainerName /opt/mssql-tools18/bin/sqlcmd -U sa -P $sa_password -No -l 2 -t 2 -Q 'SELECT 1' *>&1 | Out-Null
            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { break }

            # Commenting out - using docker exec instead to remove dependency on sqlcmd being installed locally
            #sqlcmd -U sa -P $sa_password -S localhost -l 1 -t 1 -Q 'SELECT 1' *>&1 | Out-Null
            #if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { break }
        }

        $container = docker inspect $ContainerName | ConvertFrom-Json

        "`nImage: ${Tag}`n"
        "SQL Server Version: $($container.Config.Labels.'com.microsoft.version')`n"
        "Login credentials:`e[32m"
        "  Server:   localhost$($Port -ne '1433' ? ",${Port}" : '')"
        "  Username: sa"
        "  Password: ${sa_password} `e[31m<-- DO NOT USE IN PRODUCTION`e[0m"
    }

    Write-Verbose 'Register ArgumentCompleter: Start-SQLServer:Tag'
    Register-ArgumentCompleter -CommandName Start-SQLServer -ParameterName Tag -ScriptBlock {
            (irm 'https://mcr.microsoft.com/v2/mssql/server/tags/list').tags | ? { $_ -match 'latest' }
        }

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