Read the current Focus mode on macOS Monterey (12.0+) using JavaScript for Automation (JXA)

get-focus-mode.js

const app = Application.currentApplication()
app.includeStandardAdditions = true

function getJSON(path) {
	const fullPath = path.replace(/^~/, app.pathTo('home folder'))
	const contents = app.read(fullPath)
	return JSON.parse(contents)
}

function run() {

	let focus = "No focus" // default
	const assert = getJSON("~/Library/DoNotDisturb/DB/Assertions.json").data[0].storeAssertionRecords
	const config = getJSON("~/Library/DoNotDisturb/DB/ModeConfigurations.json").data[0].modeConfigurations

	if (assert) { // focus set manually

		const modeid = assert[0].assertionDetails.assertionDetailsModeIdentifier
		focus = config[modeid].mode.name

	} else { // focus set by trigger

		const date = new Date
		const now = date.getHours() * 60 + date.getMinutes()

		for (const modeid in config) {

			const triggers = config[modeid].triggers.triggers[0]
			if (triggers && triggers.enabledSetting == 2) {

				const start = triggers.timePeriodStartTimeHour * 60 + triggers.timePeriodStartTimeMinute
				const end = triggers.timePeriodEndTimeHour * 60 + triggers.timePeriodEndTimeMinute
				if (start < end) {
					if (now >= start && now < end) {
						focus = config[modeid].mode.name
					}
				} else if (start > end) { // includes midnight
					if (now >= start || now < end) {
						focus = config[modeid].mode.name
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return focus
}

Reading the JSON files in the user library throws permissions problems for me when attempting to run the script outside of a terminal (e.g. on a schedule via Lingon.app). That goes for the both the JavaScript for Automation as well as the Python variants that were posted. Any suggestions on how to overcome this other than running as root?

With @roman-ld's Python script, I also ran into errors thrown because of keys that were expected by the script but missing in the JSON files on my system. I'm barely familiar with python but was able to come up with workarounds in case it's useful for someone:

The storeAssertionRecords key in the line assertJ = json.load(open(ASSERT_PATH))['data'][0]['storeAssertionRecords'] was missing, so I replaced that line with:

assertJ = json.load(open(ASSERT_PATH))['data'][0].get('storeAssertionRecords')

and the index 0 in the line triggers = configJ[modeid]['triggers']['triggers'][0] was missing, so I replaced that line with these:

triggers_arr = configJ[modeid]['triggers']['triggers']
triggers = triggers_arr[0] if len(triggers_arr) > 0 else None

EDIT: The solution to the permissions problem mentioned above was to drag the script onto MacOS's Settings > Privacy & Security > Full Disk Access pane. (Manually adding with the + button sometimes works too depending on the script extension). At least on my system, the script will not show up in the GUI of the preferences pane (thanks, Apple), but will be registered as having full disk access. Good luck removing its permission if you ever want to, without being able to select it in the GUI, however. I had to use Tinkertool System to remove full disk access perms for everything.