convert a CSV of point coordinates to a geopackage

csv_to_gpkg.py

import os
from osgeo import gdal, ogr, osr

# Goal: Convert a CSV of point coordinates to a geopackage

# Create a test CSV
with open('test.csv', 'w') as csv:
    csv.write('latitude,longitude\n')
    csv.write('61,-150')

# Open the CSV as an ogr.DataSource
# Based on https://gis.stackexchange.com/questions/333510/accessing-ogr-driver-options-using-ogr-gdal-in-python
# I tried to set the options on the driver metadata
csv_driver = ogr.GetDriverByName('CSV')
csv_driver.SetMetadataItem('X_POSSIBLE_NAMES', 'longitude')
csv_driver.SetMetadataItem('Y_POSSIBLE_NAMES', 'latitude')
datasource = csv_driver.Open('test.csv')

# But the feature geometry is None indicating that
# the spatial columns were not recognized
layer = datasource.GetLayer()
feature = layer.GetNextFeature()
geom = feature.GetGeometryRef()
print(geom)

# Then I tried to set the options in an env variable
# like suggested here https://gis.stackexchange.com/a/335548
# I guess there is no corresponding env variable for the CSV driver.
os.environ["OGR_CSV_OPTIONS"] = "X_POSSIBLE_NAMES=longitude,Y_POSSIBLE_NAMES=latitude"
csv_driver = ogr.GetDriverByName('CSV')
datasource = csv_driver.Open('test.csv')

# still None
layer = datasource.GetLayer()
feature = layer.GetNextFeature()
geom = feature.GetGeometryRef()
print(geom)

# Then I tried opening the CSV with gdal.OpenEx because
# you can pass in open options. This returns a gdal.Dataset
dataset = gdal.OpenEx(
    'test.csv',
    open_options=[
        'X_POSSIBLE_NAMES=longitude',
        'Y_POSSIBLE_NAMES=latitude'])

# That worked, the feature has a geometry
layer = dataset.GetLayer()
feature = layer.GetNextFeature()
geom = feature.GetGeometryRef()
print(geom)

# Now I want to save it as a geopackage

# First I tried to use the OGR geopackage driver
gpkg_driver = ogr.GetDriverByName('GPKG')
# But this raises a TypeError because I am passing in a
# gdal.Dataset where it expects an ogr.DataSource
gpkg_driver.CopyDataSource(dataset, 'out.gpkg')

# Then I tried with the GDAL geopackage driver, but it raises
# ERROR 6: Only 1 (Grey/ColorTable), 2 (Grey+Alpha), 3 (RGB) or 4 (RGBA) band dataset supported
# I guess because CreateCopy assumes the dataset is raster?
gpkg_driver = gdal.GetDriverByName('GPKG')
gpkg_driver.CreateCopy('out.gpkg', dataset)