gistfile1.txt

final OrientGraph graph = new OrientGraph("remote:localhost/mydb", "admin", "admin");

		OrientVertex v1 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");
		OrientVertex v2 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");
		OrientVertex v3 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");
		OrientVertex v4 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");

		Map<String, Object> p1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		p1.put("based_on", "0001");
		OrientEdge e1 = v1.addEdge(null, v2, "TestEdge", null, p1);
		e1.save();
		
		Map<String, Object> p2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		p2.put("based_on", "0002");
		OrientEdge e2 = v3.addEdge(null, v4, "TestEdge", null, p2);
		e2.save();

		graph.commit();

		graph.command(new OCommandSQL("delete edge TestEdge where based_on = '0001'")).execute();

		graph.shutdown();

I've create this test case and works

package com.orientechnologies.orient.graph.sql;

import com.orientechnologies.orient.core.sql.OCommandSQL;
import com.tinkerpop.blueprints.impls.orient.OrientEdge;
import com.tinkerpop.blueprints.impls.orient.OrientGraph;
import com.tinkerpop.blueprints.impls.orient.OrientVertex;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import static junit.framework.TestCase.assertEquals;
import static junit.framework.TestCase.assertTrue;

public class TestDeleteEdge {

  @Test
  public void t() {
    final OrientGraph graph = new OrientGraph("remote:localhost/demo", "admin", "admin");

    OrientVertex v1 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");
    OrientVertex v2 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");
    OrientVertex v3 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");
    OrientVertex v4 = graph.addVertex("class:TestVertex");

    Map<String, Object> p1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    p1.put("based_on", "0001");
    OrientEdge e1 = v1.addEdge(null, v2, "TestEdge", null, p1);
    e1.save();

    Map<String, Object> p2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    p2.put("based_on", "0002");
    OrientEdge e2 = v3.addEdge(null, v4, "TestEdge", null, p2);
    e2.save();

    graph.commit();

    graph.command(new OCommandSQL("delete edge TestEdge where based_on = '0001'")).execute();

    Iterable<OrientVertex> edges = graph.command(new OCommandSQL("select count(*) from TestEdge where based_on = '0001'"))
        .execute();
    assertTrue(edges.iterator().hasNext());
    assertEquals(edges.iterator().next().getProperty("count"), 0l);

    graph.shutdown();
  }
}