WordPress - All filters to modify an images URL (as far as I could find)

wp-image-filters.php

<?php

// Images in post galleries
add_filter( 'get_post_galleries',          '_img_url_filter', PHP_INT_MAX );
add_filter( 'widget_media_image_instance', '_img_url_filter', PHP_INT_MAX );

// Core image retrieval
add_filter( 'image_downsize', '_img_url_filter', 10, 3 );

// Responsive image srcset substitution
add_filter( 'wp_calculate_image_srcset', '_img_url_filter', 10, 5 );
add_filter( 'wp_calculate_image_sizes',  '_img_url_filter', 1,  2 );

// Media Library - modal popup
add_filter('wp_prepare_attachment_for_js', '_img_url_filter', PHP_INT_MAX );

// Main get image
add_filter('wp_get_attachment_image',     '_img_url_filter', PHP_INT_MAX );
add_filter('wp_get_attachment_image_src', '_img_url_filter', PHP_INT_MAX );
add_filter('wp_get_attachment_url',       '_img_url_filter', PHP_INT_MAX );

// When using Insert Media pop-up
add_filter('image_send_to_editor', '_html_img_url_filter');

// content
add_action('the_content', '_html_img_url_filter');

// Jetpack
// add_filter( 'jetpack_photon_url', '_img_url_filter', 10, 3 );

// Advanced Custom Feilds
// add_filter('acf/fields/post_object/result','_html_img_url_filter');
// add_filter('acf/format_value',             '_html_img_url_filter');

/**
 * Filter Image URL.
 *
 * @param string $url of an image
 * @return string
 */
function _img_url_filter($url) {
  // ..do somthing with $url
  return $url;
}

/**
 * Extract and replace all URLs inside of an HTML string.
 * 
 * Note this does not factor in external images. Domain check may be required.
 *
 * @param string $content HTML that may contain images.
 * @return string HTML with possibly images that have been filtered
 */
function _html_img_url_filter($content) {
    preg_match_all('/(\/\/\S+\.(?:jpg|png|gif))/', $content, $images);
    foreach ($images[0] as $image) {
        $new     = _img_url_filter($image);
        $content = str_replace($image,$new,$content);
    }
    return $content;
}