Image Manipulation, Part 2

kmeans_palette.R

doInstall <- TRUE  # Change to FALSE if you don't want packages installed.
toInstall <- c("ReadImages", "reshape", "ggplot2")
if(doInstall){install.packages(toInstall, repos = "http://cran.r-project.org")}
lapply(toInstall, library, character.only = TRUE)

# Image URL:
allImageURLs <- c("http://media.charlesleifer.com/blog/photos/thumbnails/akira_940x700.jpg",
                  "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/402px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg",
                  "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Official_portrait_of_Barack_Obama.jpg/441px-Official_portrait_of_Barack_Obama.jpg",
                  "http://cache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/obama_11_05/obama22_16604051.jpg",
                  "http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/758px-Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg",
                  "http://www.10mfh.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/dino_riders.jpg",
                  "http://images3.alphacoders.com/855/8557.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/ngm_101912/bp19.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/ngm_101912/bp26.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/ngm_101912/bp35.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/balloon/bp6.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/smithsonian_030512/bp14.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/smithsonian_030512/bp15.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/earth_day_2012/bp6.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/2011part2/bp1.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/2011part2/bp4.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/2011part2/bp15.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/2011part2/bp27.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/natural_world_2011/bp40.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/ngmphotocontest_111811/bp10.jpg",
                  "http://inapcache.boston.com/universal/site_graphics/blogs/bigpicture/ngmphotocontest_111811/bp54.jpg")

imageLoader <- function(url){  # This function takes a URL, and generates a data.frame with pixel locations and colors
  # Download to disk, load
  download.file(url, "tempPicture.jpg", mode = "wb")  # Stash image locally
  readImage <- read.jpeg("tempPicture.jpg")
  
  longImage <- melt(readImage)
  rgbImage <- reshape(longImage, timevar = "X3",
                      idvar = c("X1", "X2"), direction = "wide")
  rgbImage$X1 <- -rgbImage$X1
  return(rgbImage)
  }

##########
# Part 2 # Identifying "dominant" colors with k-means
##########

rgbImage <- imageLoader(allImageURLs[5])  # Pick one, or use your own URL.
with(rgbImage, plot(X2, X1, col = rgb(rgbImage[, 3:5]), asp = 1, pch = "."))

# Cluster in color space:
kColors <- 5  # Number of palette colors
kMeans <- kmeans(rgbImage[, 3:5], centers = kColors)

zp1 <- qplot(factor(kMeans$cluster), geom = "bar",
             fill = factor(kMeans$cluster))
zp1 <- zp1 + scale_fill_manual(values = rgb(kMeans$centers))
zp1

approximateColor <- kMeans$centers[kMeans$cluster, ]
with(rgbImage, plot(X2, X1, col = rgb(approximateColor), asp = 1, pch = "."))