Ubuntu 16.04 LAMP w/ NodeJS & WP-CLI

Setup LAMP stack

Apache

apt-get update
apt-get install apache2

nano /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/dir.conf

Add index.php to beginning of DirectoryIndex list (remove from place in list further down)

a2enmod rewrite headers expires

nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Change AllowOverride None to AllowOverride All within <Directory /var/www/> block

service apache2 restart

PHP

apt-get install php libapache2-mod-php php-mcrypt php-mysql -y
apt-get install php-cgi php-cli php-common php-curl php-gd -y

MySQL

apt-get install mysql-server

mysql_secure_installation

Accessing remote MySQL databases

ssh www-data@SERVER_IP_ADDRESS -L 42001:localhost:3306

3306 is default mysql port
42001 is a free (unless you are running something else on this port, highly unlikely!)
allows local access to remote mysql server for easier creation of db's and users

NodeJS

curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_8.x | sudo -E bash -
apt-get install -y nodejs

Install Yarn

Follow the instructions on the Yarn website to install yarn onto the server.

Git

apt-get install git

Adding sites to Apache

Note: tld means Top-Level Domain i.e. .com, .co.uk, .io etc, make sure to replace .tld with your domain's TLD extension

cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/

if creating one site on box:

cp 000-default.conf my-site.domain.tld.conf
nano my-site.domain.tld.conf

ServerName my-site.domain.tld
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/

a2dissite 000-default.conf
a2ensite my-site.domain.tld.conf

if creating multiple (i.e. staging and qa):

cp 000-default.conf my-site-staging.domain.tld.conf
nano my-site-staging.domain.tld.conf

ServerName my-site-staging.domain.tld
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/staging

cp 000-default.conf my-site-qa.domain.tld.conf
nano my-site-qa.domain.tld.conf

ServerName my-site-qa.domain.tld
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/qa

a2dissite 000-default.conf
a2ensite my-site-staging.domain.tld.conf my-site-qa.domain.tld.conf

Ensure directories specified above (each DocumentRoot path) are created by www-data user, once this user is setup using the instructions below.

Setting up www-data user

nano /etc/passwd

www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/bin/bash

passwd www-data

Enter www-data user password

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www

Preventing root user from ssh'ing onto server

(As root user)

nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Change PermitRootLogin yes to PermitRootLogin no

service ssh restart

Disconnect from server and try root user ssh, will be given permission denied message. Use www-data user the su to swap to the root user when required.

Installing WP-CLI

curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wp-cli/builds/gh-pages/phar/wp-cli.phar
chmod +x wp-cli.phar

su

swap to root in order to move wp-cli

mv wp-cli.phar /usr/local/bin/wp

exit

swap back to www-data

Update server hostname to FQDN

Run hostname to see what the currently set hostname is set to
Run hostnamectl set-hostname mysite.com to change the hostname (permanently, otherwise will reset on reboot)
Note: Important that this step is performed before setting you your mail server!

Setting up mail-out only (loopback) emails from server

apt-get install mailutils

Set mail configuration type to Internet Site
Set system mail name to FQDN i.e. mysite.com, ensure you DO NOT add any subdomains in front i.e. www. as this will invalidate the mail record
As root:
nano /etc/postfix/main.cf and change inet_interfaces to:

inet_interfaces = loopback-only

Then change mydestination to:

mydestination = localhost.$mydomain, $mydomain

Finally, restart postfix (mail sending service) service postfix restart
To check that the server is sending out emails correctly you can run the following command:

echo "This is the body of the email" | mail -s "This is the subject line" [email protected]

harryfinn/ubuntu16.04-lamp-nodejs-wp-cli.md