holms · May 25, 2026 11:44
diff --git a/CICD Fundamentals and Best Practices b/CICD Fundamentals and Best Practices

 CI/CD Fundamentals and Best Practices

    Created by Ekaterina Mantsurova, last updated on Mar 26, 2025 7 minute read

    Overview of CI/CD and traditional methods
    In-depth CI/CD and its benefits
    CI/CD best practices

 Overview of CI/CD and traditional methods

 CI/CD is an acronym for Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery or Continuous Deployment. It’s a modern approach, that represents a combination of philosophies, practices, and tools designed to enhance software development, and aims to streamline and automate the process of delivering software updates. This methodology focuses on frequently integrating small code changes from developers into a shared repository. Once the new code is integrated, automated tests are conducted to ensure that it functions correctly. If it passes these tests, the changes are then automatically deployed to production environments, ideally even without any manual intervention.

 To sum up, CI and CD are considered crucial practices in the world of DevOps, aiming to improve the speed, quality, and efficiency of software development.

 The CI/CD pipeline can be broken down into three main segments:

    Continuous Integration: Integrating code changes into the main branch of the repository, conducting automated builds, and performing automated testing.
    Continuous Delivery: Automatically deploying the code to a pre-production or staging environment and ensuring it's ready for release.
    Continuous Deployment: Automatically releasing the code into production, immediately making the changes live to users.

 Traditional methods, on the other hand, often involve manual processes, which can be more time-consuming and error-prone. Software development typically progresses through distinct phases such as requirement gathering, development, testing, and deployment, with each phase often being siloed and handled by different teams. Deployments to production are less frequent and involve extensive manual testing and code reviews, often resulting in a "big bang" release where many features are launched simultaneously.
 The key differences between CI/CD and traditional methods include:

    Speed of Deployment: CI/CD allows for more frequent updates, sometimes multiple times a day, while traditional methods may limit deployments to a few times a year.
    Automation: CI/CD heavily relies on automation for testing and deploying code, reducing human error and workload, whereas traditional methods often rely on manual processes.
    Feedback Loops: The rapid and automated cycles of CI/CD allow developers to receive immediate feedback on their work, helping to quickly identify and resolve issues. Traditional methods might delay feedback until much later in the software development lifecycle.
    Risk Management: CI/CD mitigates risks by making smaller, incremental changes to software, whereas traditional methods can be riskier due to larger, less frequent updates.

 (lightbulb) Overall, CI/CD promotes a more agile, efficient, and reliable software development process compared to traditional methods, enabling teams to deliver high-quality software at a faster pace.
 In-depth CI/CD and its benefits
 1. Continuous Integration (CI)

 Continuous Integration refers to the practice of frequently merging code changes into a main codebase in a shared repository – ideally multiple times a day. This practice encourages developers to integrate their code early and often, thus preventing problems that arise from long-term branch divergence. Each integration is automatically verified through tests (unit, integration, smoke, etc.) and other verification processes, which ensures that the codebase is stable and that issues are caught and resolved quickly.

 Key Benefits of CI:

    Detects code integration issues early.
    Reduces time spent on debugging.
    Improves code quality.
    Allows for faster feedback.
    Increases transparency within the team.

 Important Metrics:

    Build Success Rate: Measures the percentage of successful builds versus failed builds.
    Build Time: Monitors the time taken for builds to complete, aiming for optimization and efficiency.
    Frequency of Commits: Tracks how often developers are committing their changes, which should correlate with best practices.
    Automated Test Coverage: Represents the percentage of code covered by automated tests, aiming for high coverage to ensure reliability. In some cases, this metric could be used as a quality gate for Continuous Delivery/Deployment.
    Mean Time to Recovery (MTTR): Measures the average time taken to recover from a failed build and get the system back to operational status.
    Deployment Frequency: Tracks the frequency of software deployments to production environments.
    Change Lead Time: Monitors the time it takes for a change to go from development to deployment in the production environment.

 2. Continuous Delivery (CD)

 Continuous Delivery is a step further from CI, ensuring that the code can be safely and reliably released to production at any time. It automates the delivery process so that new features, changes, and bug fixes can be deployed quickly and sustainably. In CD, every successful build can potentially become a live production deployment.

 Key Benefits of CD:

    Faster time-to-market.
    Low-risk releases.
    Improved product quality.
    Better user satisfaction.
    Higher productivity and efficiency.
    Manual approval of the deployment process.

 3. Continuous Deployment

 It is often confused with Continuous Delivery. The main difference is that in Continuous Deployment, every change that passes the automated tests is deployed to production automatically, without requiring human intervention. This requires a highly refined testing and monitoring environment to ensure that deployments are safe and reliable. By implementing continuous deployment, organizations can respond more rapidly to market changes, reduce risks associated with deployments, and enhance overall customer satisfaction.

 Benefits of Continuous Deployment:

    Maximized automation.
    Immediate feedback on production.
    Reduced overhead on deployment processes.
    Enhanced development speed and efficiency.
    Emphasizes focus on customer needs and feedback.

 The entire CI/CD pipeline revolves around automation and monitoring at all stages of software construction, from integration and testing phases to delivery and deployment phases. Modern tools such as Jenkins, GitLab CI, CircleCI, Travis CI, and many others are being used to facilitate CI/CD processes.

 The ultimate goal of incorporating CI/CD pipelines into a software development workflow is to make deployments predictable, routine affairs that can be performed on demand, allowing the software to be developed in shorter cycles. This ensures that the features reach the users faster and that the feedback loop is minimized. Innovative strategies in CI/CD also lead to increased reliability, predictability, and greater stability of the application deployment process.

 (lightbulb) In summary, implementing CI/CD not only aims to streamline software creation and release processes but also plays a crucial role in enhancing team dynamics through increased collaboration, communication, and visibility, ultimately leading to more successful and optimal product deliveries.
 CI/CD best practices
 Maintain a Single Source Repository

 All project code should be stored in a central repository (if possible) accessible to all team members. 
 Otherwise, if there are some repos are involved in development process, there should be a master CI/CD pipeline that should work with all (if possible/required) of the repositories.
 Everyone Commits to the Mainline Every Day

 Depending on the selected Git branching strategy each developer should integrate own changes into “Mainline” using merge requests with code review and successful CI check results. Apart from that, developer must validate that after the merging changes everything is also fine. Consequent integration of small, manageable changes encourages reduction of integration issues.
 Use Versioning and Changelogs

 Use versioning not only for releases, but also for your pipelines, scripts, configurations. As well, maintain changelogs, they will save time during new teammates on-boarding and knowledge transfer.
 Feature Flags

 Use feature flags to better manage feature releases. This allows for selective enabling/disabling of features without redeploying the entire application.
 Manage Dependencies Carefully

 Explicitly define and lock down dependencies’ versions to avoid unexpected issues.
 Automate the Build

 Ideally, every committed change should trigger an automated CI build and tests to validate the changes. But it is not always possible to do so, since it consumes some time and resources. 
 Automating the build, test, and deployment processes ensures consistency and reduces human error.
 Run Automated Tests

 This includes unit tests, integration tests, and acceptance tests, etc. to ensure code quality.
 Maintain High Test Coverage

 Strive for a high percentage of code coverage by tests to ensure fewer bugs.
 Fix Broken Builds Immediately

 Any issues detected during the build process should be prioritized and resolved to maintain stability.
 Notify on Build Results

 Whether success or fail, the team should be informed of the CI/CD pipeline status.
 Monitoring, Logging & Feedback

 Implement comprehensive monitoring and logging to quickly identify and address issues that may arise after deployment. Consistently monitor the performance in production and use customer feedback for quick iterations.
 Keep the Build Fast

 The build process should be optimized to provide quick feedback to developers.
 Use Similar Environments

 Keep development, staging, and production environments as similar as possible to reduce the chances of environment-specific issues. In some cases, could be created several dev environments for features testing to not block the whole development process. In the other cases could be created short-living (cattle) environments – they are living only during CI/CD, f
 Implement Continuous Deployment

 Automatically deploy to production systems where suitable after automated tests are successful. See GitOps section of this course [[ LINK TO GITOPS SECTION ]]
 Make it Easy to Get the Latest Deliverables

 Latest successful builds should be easily accessible for testing, staging, or production releases.
 Build Once and Configure for Different Environments

 Configuration files should be separate from the build itself.
 Principles of Immutable Deployments

 Use the principles where once a deployment artifact is created, it should not be changed. F.i., during release artifacts were deployed to QA, then tested, and for preprod, prod they must be only promoted (copied/retagged).
 Secure Your Pipeline

 Encrypt sensitive data, use correspondent tools for storing and querying sensitive data (Hashi Corp Vault, Azure DevOps group vars, Azure Key Vault, etc.) and use principles of least privilege in your CI/CD process.
 Document Everything

 Properly document the CI/CD processes and rationale to maintain consistency and clarity across the team. This process must be essentially integrated in team’s development process. Suggestion here is to use readme.md files.
 Regularly Review & Update Your CI/CD Pipelines

 As tools, practices, and team needs evolve, continuously improve your pipelines.
 Collaboration and Communication

 Foster a culture of collaboration between development, operations, and quality assurance teams to ensure smooth deployment processes. Share all the requirements, possibilities and knowledge how to build, test, deploy and even release the code among team members, no matter how automatically or manually. This will allow team members to work independently in a more productive way.

 Implementing these practices can help create an efficient and robust CI/CD pipeline that consistently delivers high-quality software.
diff --git a/Using SAST and DAST in CICD b/Using SAST and DAST in CICD


    Created by Ekaterina Mantsurova, last updated on Mar 07, 2025 9 minute read

    SAST and DAST: Overview
    SAST Tools
    SAST Distribution Models
    DAST Tools

 SAST and DAST: Overview

 SAST (Static Application Security Testing) and DAST (Dynamic Application Security Testing) are both methodologies used for identifying security vulnerabilities in software applications. They can be integrated into the CI/CD pipeline to ensure security throughout the development lifecycle.
 SAST (Static Application Security Testing)

 Description: SAST tools analyze source code, byte code, or binary code at rest (i.e., without executing the code) to detect security vulnerabilities. It is used early in the development process, as it does not require a running application.

 Common Tools: Some popular SAST tools include SonarQube, Checkmarx, Fortify, and Coverity.

 Integration in CI/CD: SAST tools can be integrated into the CI pipeline to automatically scan code for security issues whenever code is committed. This allows developers to detect and fix security issues early in the development process.

 Best Practices:

    Integrate SAST into the version control system to scan all code commits and pull requests.
    Set up policies and rules to determine which security issues must be addressed immediately and which can be deferred.
    Educate developers on understanding and fixing reported security issues.

 DAST (Dynamic Application Security Testing)

 Description: DAST tools analyze applications in their running state, typically from the outside in, to detect security vulnerabilities that appear during the application's runtime. DAST is used later in the development process since it requires a running application.

 Common Tools: Common DAST tools include OWASP ZAP, Burp Suite, Acunetix, and WebInspect.

 Integration in CI/CD: DAST can be integrated into the CD pipeline to perform security assessments on fully deployed applications before they are released to production.

 Best Practices:

    Run DAST scans on deployed applications in a staging/pre-production environment.
    Automatically trigger DAST scans after deployment to ensure any recent changes are tested.
    Review and address detected security issues, adjusting the severity and impact based on the context of your environment and threat model.

 Combining SAST and DAST

 Integrating both SAST and DAST into the CI/CD pipeline provides a more comprehensive approach to application security testing:

    Use SAST for early detection of security issues in code.
    Use DAST to catch any runtime vulnerabilities that SAST might miss.
    Ensure both tools are configured to break the build or prevent deployment if critical vulnerabilities are found, depending on your security requirements.

 Finally, for optimal usage in CI/CD pipelines, consider using orchestration tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI, or GitHub Actions to automate the scanning processes and handle results intelligently to prioritize fixes based on the risk and exposure.
 This combined approach ensures security vulnerabilities are caught early and throughout the different stages of software development, helping to maintain the security integrity of your applications.
 SAST Tools

 Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools are essential for analyzing source code to detect vulnerabilities and ensure secure coding practices. Below is a curated list of some popular SAST tools along with their descriptions and links. This list covers a range of tools suited for different programming languages and development workflows, making it easier for teams to choose one that best aligns with their needs.
 1. SonarQube

 Description: SonarQube is an open-source platform for continuous inspection of code quality. It supports multiple languages and provides detailed security analysis as part of its code quality checks.
 Features: Detects OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities, integrates with CI/CD tools, supports enterprise-grade security checks.
 Link: https://www.sonarqube.org/
 2. Fortify Static Code Analyzer (Fortify SCA)

 Description: Fortify SCA by Micro Focus provides static code analysis to identify and remediate security vulnerabilities in various programming languages.
 Features: Comprehensive scanning capabilities, integration with CI/CD, detailed vulnerability reporting.
 Link: https://www.microfocus.com/en-us/cyberres/application-security/static-code-analyzer
 3. Checkmarx

 Description: Fortify SCA by Micro Focus provides static code analysis to identify and remediate security vulnerabilities in various programming languages.

 Features: Comprehensive scanning capabilities, integration with CI/CD, detailed vulnerability reporting.

 Link: https://checkmarx.com/
 4. Veracode Static Analysis

 Description: Veracode offers a cloud-based SAST solution, enabling developers to identify and address flaws in source code efficiently.

 Features: Seamless integration with development pipelines, actionable results, and compliance-driven security checks.

 Link: https://www.veracode.com/products/static-analysis-sast
 5. Coverity

 Description: Coverity by Synopsys analyzes source code to identify critical defects, ensuring secure and high-quality software.

 Features: Supports complex codebases, integrates with DevOps workflows, real-time tracking of security risks.

 Link: https://www.synopsys.com/software-integrity/security-testing/static-analysis-sast.html
 6. AppScan (IBM Security)

 Description: AppScan provides SAST capabilities to help secure applications during development, aiding in compliance and security risk management.

 Features: Multi-language support, easy CI/CD integration, and detailed vulnerability reporting.

 Link: https://www.ibm.com/products/appscan
 7. Codacy

 Description: Codacy is an automated code review tool that includes static analysis and security checks. It helps identify vulnerabilities and assess code quality metrics.

 Features: Real-time feedback on code security issues, wide language support, integration with GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, and more.

 Link: https://www.codacy.com/
 8. Bandit

 Description: Bandit is a Python-focused static analysis tool that examines code for common security issues in Python scripts and applications.

 Features: Highly specific to Python projects, easy configuration, lightweight open-source tool.

 Link: https://bandit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
 9. ShiftLeft Core

 Description: ShiftLeft Core provides SAST capabilities designed for modern DevSecOps workflows, offering fast and accurate vulnerability detection.

 Features: Language-specific analysis, CI/CD integration, and actionable remediation guidance.

 Link: https://www.shiftleft.io/
 10. Semgrep

 Description: Semgrep is a lightweight SAST tool that allows developers to use custom rules to find vulnerabilities. It’s flexible and language-agnostic.

 Features: Simple configuration, integrates with CI/CD pipelines, and highly customizable patterns.

 Link: https://semgrep.dev/
 11. CodeQL

 Description: CodeQL by GitHub allows users to perform semantic code analysis to discover vulnerabilities in codebases using a query language.

 Features: Open-source, integrates with GitHub Actions, ideal for detecting complex vulnerabilities.

 Link: https://codeql.github.com/
 12. Snyk Code

 Description: Snyk Code provides a developer-first approach to static analysis, focusing on open-source and proprietary code vulnerabilities.

 Features: Developer-focused reports, fast scanning, integration with existing developer tools.

 Link: https://snyk.io/product/snyk-code/
 13. OWASP Source Code Analyzer Project (Orizon)

 Description: A project from OWASP aimed to offer static analysis capabilities to review code for potential vulnerabilities.

 Features: Open-source, language-agnostic framework for security analysis.

 Link: https://owasp.org/www-project-orizon/
 14. Reshift

 Description: Reshift is designed to integrate SAST capabilities into IDEs and DevOps pipelines to detect vulnerabilities in real time.

 Features: Focuses on Java and JavaScript, IDE integration, developer-friendly results.

 Link: https://reshiftsecurity.com/
 15. Flawfinder

 Description: Flawfinder analyzes C and C++ source code, focusing on patterns prone to vulnerabilities.

 Features: Open-source, lightweight, easily installed for quick scans.

 Link: https://dwheeler.com/flawfinder/
 16. Klocwork

 Description: Klocwork provides SAST for enterprise-level applications, detecting code vulnerabilities and enforcing compliance standards.

 Features: Designed for large-scale software projects, comprehensive defect detection, CI integration.

 Link: https://www.perforce.com/products/klocwork
 17. Phan

 Description: Phan is a PHP static analysis tool that focuses on detecting flaws in PHP source code during early development.

 Features: Developed specifically for PHP projects; highly customizable.

 Link: https://github.com/phan/phan
 SAST Distribution Models

 Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools come in a variety of distribution models depending on the specific vendor and tool. Below is a general overview of distribution models found in the market for SAST tools.
 Free/Open Source Versions

 Free Tools: Some SAST tools are available for free, catering primarily to smaller teams, individual developers, or organizations with limited budgets. Examples might include tools with basic scanning capabilities but limited features (e.g., integration options or advanced reporting).
 Open Source: A few SAST tools exist as open-source projects, allowing organizations to use, modify, and contribute to the tool's development. Open-source solutions might lack customer support but provide flexibility for developers. Example: SonarQube Community Edition or Semgrep open-source version.
 Paid/Commercial Versions

 Many SAST tools are offered as commercial (paid) products. These solutions typically include more features than free/open-source options, such as:

    Advanced vulnerability detection mechanisms.
    Integration with CI/CD pipelines and DevOps processes.
    Alerts, dashboards, and advanced reporting.
    Support for a wider range of programming languages and frameworks.

 Examples: Checkmarx, Veracode, Fortify, Snyk, etc.

 Payment models may vary:

    Subscription-Based: Annual or monthly subscriptions.
    License-Based: One-time license fee combined with optional support or maintenance fees.

 Enterprise/Custom Versions

 Many vendors offer enterprise-grade versions of their SAST tools for larger organizations with complex requirements. These versions often include:

    Scalability for large teams/projects.
    Support for managing multiple projects in a centralized dashboard.
    Customizable policies and workflows.
    Advanced integrations (e.g., Jira, GitHub, GitLab, Jenkins).
    Dedicated customer support, including training and consulting services.
    On-premise or private cloud deployment options for enhanced security and compliance.

 Pricing for enterprise versions is generally customized based on the organization’s size, number of users, and specific needs.
 Hybrid Models

 Some SAST tools offer a mix of the above, where there is a freemium model:

    A free version is available, but with limitations (e.g., fewer analysis rules, limited language support, no CI/CD integration).
    Paid tiers or enterprise versions unlock premium features.

 Examples of SAST Tools and Their Distribution Models

 | Tool                    | Free/Open Source           | Paid/Commercial | Enterprise Version |
 |-------------------------|----------------------------|-----------------|-------------------|
 | SonarQube               | Yes (Community Edition)    | Yes             | Yes               |
 | Checkmarx               | No                         | Yes             | Yes               |
 | Veracode                | No                         | Yes             | Yes               |
 | Semgrep                 | Yes                        | Yes             | Yes               |
 | Fortify (by Micro Focus)| No                         | Yes             | Yes               |
 | Snyk Code               | Partial (Free Tier)        | Yes             | Yes               |

 Key Considerations When Choosing a Model

    Budget: Free/open-source tools are suitable for smaller teams or startups, while paid or enterprise solutions are better for larger organizations requiring scalability.
    Compliance Requirements: Enterprises with strict compliance needs (e.g., PCI-DSS, HIPAA, GDPR) may need advanced tools with enterprise-grade security, auditing, and reporting capabilities.
    Ease of Use: While open-source tools are often cost-effective, they may require extensive configuration or lack ease of use compared to commercial options.
    Integration Needs: Commercial and enterprise solutions often provide better integration with modern CI/CD pipelines and development ecosystems.

 DAST Tools

 Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tools are integral for identifying security vulnerabilities in web applications during runtime. These tools simulate real-world attacks on a live application, mimicking a hacker's perspective to identify potential weaknesses. Below is a detailed list that includes some of the most prominent DAST tools available today, each with its unique strengths and ideal use cases, depending on your organization's needs (budget, scale, integration with development workflows).
 1. OWASP ZAP (Zed Attack Proxy)

 Description: OWASP ZAP is an open-source DAST tool maintained by the OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) community. It's highly popular for its ease of use, rich feature set, and free availability. OWASP ZAP can perform automated and manual security testing and integrates well with CI/CD pipelines.

 Features: 

    Intercepting proxy for manual testing. 
    Automated scanners and spidering. 
    Extensible via plugins and add-ons.

 Link: https://www.zaproxy.org
 2. Burp Suite

 Description: Burp Suite, developed by PortSwigger, is a comprehensive security testing platform widely used by professionals for finding and exploiting web application vulnerabilities. It includes both a free (Community) and a paid (Professional/Enterprise) version, with the latter having advanced features like vulnerability scanning automation.

 Features: 

    Manual and automated web vulnerability scanning. 
    Tools for request interception and tampering. 
    Extensible with user-created plugins.

 Link: https://portswigger.net/burp
 3. Acunetix

 Description: Acunetix is a commercial web vulnerability scanner designed to identify vulnerabilities like SQL injection, XSS, and other common web security issues. It supports a wide range of web technologies, including modern single-page applications.

 Features: 

    Advanced crawling and scanning for complex web applications. 
    Support for authentication mechanisms. 
    Integration with CI/CD pipelines.

 Link: https://www.acunetix.com
 4. WebInspect

 Description: 

 Micro Focus WebInspect is a commercial DAST solution designed for enterprise use. It provides robust web application security testing aimed at meeting compliance and regulatory requirements.

 Features: 

    Advanced rule-based attack simulation. 
    Designed for large-scale enterprise environments. 
    Support for APIs and integration with security management platforms.

 Link: https://www.microfocus.com/en-us/cyberres/application-security/webinspect
 5. AppScan (HCL AppScan)

 Description: Formerly developed by IBM, HCL AppScan is a suite of application security testing tools. Its DAST component is used to find runtime vulnerabilities in web applications while also offering comprehensive reporting and integration features.

 Features: 

    Advanced scanning with low false positives. 
    Integration with DevOps tools for automated testing. 
    Comprehensive vulnerability reporting.

 Link: https://www.hcltech.com/products-and-platforms/appscan
 6. Netsparker (Invicti Security)

 Description: Netsparker, now part of Invicti Security, automates the detection of web application vulnerabilities like SQL injection and XSS. It is known for its proof-based scanning, which ensures high accuracy by eliminating false positives.

 Features: 

    Dead accurate scanning with proof-based reporting. 
    Enterprise-level scalability. 
    Integration options for CI/CD workflows.

 Link: https://www.netsparker.com
 7. Veracode Dynamic Analysis

 Description: Veracode Dynamic Analysis is a cloud-based DAST tool designed for enterprise-level application security testing. It allows organizations to scan applications effectively without the need for on-premises infrastructure.

 Features: 

    Cloud-based and scalable. 
    Easy setup with no required installation. 
    Detailed vulnerability insights and prioritization.

 Link: https://www.veracode.com/products/dynamic-analysis
 8. Qualys WAS (Web Application Scanning)

 Description: Part of Qualys' comprehensive security platform, the Web Application Scanning (WAS) module helps organizations identify and remediate vulnerabilities in their web applications and APIs.

 Features: 

    Automated crawling and deep scanning. 
    Detailed compliance reports (e.g., PCI DSS). 
    Integration with the larger Qualys suite.

 Link: https://www.qualys.com/apps/web-app-scanning/
 9. Astra Pentest

 Description: Astra Pentest is a modern DAST tool offering automated vulnerability assessments with the option to verify findings through manual validations. It serves companies looking for secure, fast, and user-friendly penetration tests.

 Features: 

    Automated and manual testing. 
    Detailed reports with remediation steps. 
    SaaS platform for continuous vulnerability assessment.

 Link: https://www.getastra.com
 10. Netsparker Cloud (Invicti)

 Description: The cloud-based version of Netsparker, designed for scalability and ease of integration. It allows automated, centralized vulnerability management across applications in a secure cloud environment.

 Features: 

    Collaboration across teams. 
    False-positive-free scanning using heuristic technology. 
    Seamless CI/CD pipeline integration.

 Link: https://www.invicti.com/
 11. Rapid7 InsightAppSec

 Description: InsightAppSec by Rapid7 is a cloud-based DAST tool designed for modern development workflows. It offers ease of use alongside deep scanning capabilities to identify real-world vulnerabilities in web applications.

 Features: 

    Pre-configured attack templates targeting OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities. 
    Integration with SDLC tools like Jira. 
    Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST) capabilities.

 Link: https://www.rapid7.com/products/insightappsec/
 12. SiteLock

 Description: SiteLock is a security tool aimed at small-to-medium-sized businesses. With its automated DAST functionality, it scans websites for malware and vulnerabilities, providing recommendations for remediation.

 Features: 

    Automated malware scanning and patching. 
    Protects against common vulnerabilities like SQLi and XSS. 
    Easy integration with hosting providers.

 Link: https://www.sitelock.com
 13. Detectify

 Description: Detectify is a cloud-based DAST tool focused on automating security testing with minimal configuration. It is particularly appreciated for its researcher-based vulnerability updates.

 Features: 

    Regular updates based on real-world hacker submissions. 
    Friendly for DevOps workflows. 
    SaaS platform for seamless web application security testing.

 Link: https://detectify.com

	CI/CD Fundamentals and Best Practices

	Created by Ekaterina Mantsurova, last updated on Mar 26, 2025 7 minute read

	Overview of CI/CD and traditional methods
	In-depth CI/CD and its benefits
	CI/CD best practices

	Overview of CI/CD and traditional methods

	CI/CD is an acronym for Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery or Continuous Deployment. It’s a modern approach, that represents a combination of philosophies, practices, and tools designed to enhance software development, and aims to streamline and automate the process of delivering software updates. This methodology focuses on frequently integrating small code changes from developers into a shared repository. Once the new code is integrated, automated tests are conducted to ensure that it functions correctly. If it passes these tests, the changes are then automatically deployed to production environments, ideally even without any manual intervention.

	To sum up, CI and CD are considered crucial practices in the world of DevOps, aiming to improve the speed, quality, and efficiency of software development.

	The CI/CD pipeline can be broken down into three main segments:

	Continuous Integration: Integrating code changes into the main branch of the repository, conducting automated builds, and performing automated testing.
	Continuous Delivery: Automatically deploying the code to a pre-production or staging environment and ensuring it's ready for release.
	Continuous Deployment: Automatically releasing the code into production, immediately making the changes live to users.

	Traditional methods, on the other hand, often involve manual processes, which can be more time-consuming and error-prone. Software development typically progresses through distinct phases such as requirement gathering, development, testing, and deployment, with each phase often being siloed and handled by different teams. Deployments to production are less frequent and involve extensive manual testing and code reviews, often resulting in a "big bang" release where many features are launched simultaneously.
	The key differences between CI/CD and traditional methods include:

	Speed of Deployment: CI/CD allows for more frequent updates, sometimes multiple times a day, while traditional methods may limit deployments to a few times a year.
	Automation: CI/CD heavily relies on automation for testing and deploying code, reducing human error and workload, whereas traditional methods often rely on manual processes.
	Feedback Loops: The rapid and automated cycles of CI/CD allow developers to receive immediate feedback on their work, helping to quickly identify and resolve issues. Traditional methods might delay feedback until much later in the software development lifecycle.
	Risk Management: CI/CD mitigates risks by making smaller, incremental changes to software, whereas traditional methods can be riskier due to larger, less frequent updates.

	(lightbulb) Overall, CI/CD promotes a more agile, efficient, and reliable software development process compared to traditional methods, enabling teams to deliver high-quality software at a faster pace.
	In-depth CI/CD and its benefits
	1. Continuous Integration (CI)

	Continuous Integration refers to the practice of frequently merging code changes into a main codebase in a shared repository – ideally multiple times a day. This practice encourages developers to integrate their code early and often, thus preventing problems that arise from long-term branch divergence. Each integration is automatically verified through tests (unit, integration, smoke, etc.) and other verification processes, which ensures that the codebase is stable and that issues are caught and resolved quickly.

	Key Benefits of CI:

	Detects code integration issues early.
	Reduces time spent on debugging.
	Improves code quality.
	Allows for faster feedback.
	Increases transparency within the team.

	Important Metrics:

	Build Success Rate: Measures the percentage of successful builds versus failed builds.
	Build Time: Monitors the time taken for builds to complete, aiming for optimization and efficiency.
	Frequency of Commits: Tracks how often developers are committing their changes, which should correlate with best practices.
	Automated Test Coverage: Represents the percentage of code covered by automated tests, aiming for high coverage to ensure reliability. In some cases, this metric could be used as a quality gate for Continuous Delivery/Deployment.
	Mean Time to Recovery (MTTR): Measures the average time taken to recover from a failed build and get the system back to operational status.
	Deployment Frequency: Tracks the frequency of software deployments to production environments.
	Change Lead Time: Monitors the time it takes for a change to go from development to deployment in the production environment.

	2. Continuous Delivery (CD)

	Continuous Delivery is a step further from CI, ensuring that the code can be safely and reliably released to production at any time. It automates the delivery process so that new features, changes, and bug fixes can be deployed quickly and sustainably. In CD, every successful build can potentially become a live production deployment.

	Key Benefits of CD:

	Faster time-to-market.
	Low-risk releases.
	Improved product quality.
	Better user satisfaction.
	Higher productivity and efficiency.
	Manual approval of the deployment process.

	3. Continuous Deployment

	It is often confused with Continuous Delivery. The main difference is that in Continuous Deployment, every change that passes the automated tests is deployed to production automatically, without requiring human intervention. This requires a highly refined testing and monitoring environment to ensure that deployments are safe and reliable. By implementing continuous deployment, organizations can respond more rapidly to market changes, reduce risks associated with deployments, and enhance overall customer satisfaction.

	Benefits of Continuous Deployment:

	Maximized automation.
	Immediate feedback on production.
	Reduced overhead on deployment processes.
	Enhanced development speed and efficiency.
	Emphasizes focus on customer needs and feedback.

	The entire CI/CD pipeline revolves around automation and monitoring at all stages of software construction, from integration and testing phases to delivery and deployment phases. Modern tools such as Jenkins, GitLab CI, CircleCI, Travis CI, and many others are being used to facilitate CI/CD processes.

	The ultimate goal of incorporating CI/CD pipelines into a software development workflow is to make deployments predictable, routine affairs that can be performed on demand, allowing the software to be developed in shorter cycles. This ensures that the features reach the users faster and that the feedback loop is minimized. Innovative strategies in CI/CD also lead to increased reliability, predictability, and greater stability of the application deployment process.

	(lightbulb) In summary, implementing CI/CD not only aims to streamline software creation and release processes but also plays a crucial role in enhancing team dynamics through increased collaboration, communication, and visibility, ultimately leading to more successful and optimal product deliveries.
	CI/CD best practices
	Maintain a Single Source Repository

	All project code should be stored in a central repository (if possible) accessible to all team members.
	Otherwise, if there are some repos are involved in development process, there should be a master CI/CD pipeline that should work with all (if possible/required) of the repositories.
	Everyone Commits to the Mainline Every Day

	Depending on the selected Git branching strategy each developer should integrate own changes into “Mainline” using merge requests with code review and successful CI check results. Apart from that, developer must validate that after the merging changes everything is also fine. Consequent integration of small, manageable changes encourages reduction of integration issues.
	Use Versioning and Changelogs

	Use versioning not only for releases, but also for your pipelines, scripts, configurations. As well, maintain changelogs, they will save time during new teammates on-boarding and knowledge transfer.
	Feature Flags

	Use feature flags to better manage feature releases. This allows for selective enabling/disabling of features without redeploying the entire application.
	Manage Dependencies Carefully

	Explicitly define and lock down dependencies’ versions to avoid unexpected issues.
	Automate the Build

	Ideally, every committed change should trigger an automated CI build and tests to validate the changes. But it is not always possible to do so, since it consumes some time and resources.
	Automating the build, test, and deployment processes ensures consistency and reduces human error.
	Run Automated Tests

	This includes unit tests, integration tests, and acceptance tests, etc. to ensure code quality.
	Maintain High Test Coverage

	Strive for a high percentage of code coverage by tests to ensure fewer bugs.
	Fix Broken Builds Immediately

	Any issues detected during the build process should be prioritized and resolved to maintain stability.
	Notify on Build Results

	Whether success or fail, the team should be informed of the CI/CD pipeline status.
	Monitoring, Logging & Feedback

	Implement comprehensive monitoring and logging to quickly identify and address issues that may arise after deployment. Consistently monitor the performance in production and use customer feedback for quick iterations.
	Keep the Build Fast

	The build process should be optimized to provide quick feedback to developers.
	Use Similar Environments

	Keep development, staging, and production environments as similar as possible to reduce the chances of environment-specific issues. In some cases, could be created several dev environments for features testing to not block the whole development process. In the other cases could be created short-living (cattle) environments – they are living only during CI/CD, f
	Implement Continuous Deployment

	Automatically deploy to production systems where suitable after automated tests are successful. See GitOps section of this course [[ LINK TO GITOPS SECTION ]]
	Make it Easy to Get the Latest Deliverables

	Latest successful builds should be easily accessible for testing, staging, or production releases.
	Build Once and Configure for Different Environments

	Configuration files should be separate from the build itself.
	Principles of Immutable Deployments

	Use the principles where once a deployment artifact is created, it should not be changed. F.i., during release artifacts were deployed to QA, then tested, and for preprod, prod they must be only promoted (copied/retagged).
	Secure Your Pipeline

	Encrypt sensitive data, use correspondent tools for storing and querying sensitive data (Hashi Corp Vault, Azure DevOps group vars, Azure Key Vault, etc.) and use principles of least privilege in your CI/CD process.
	Document Everything

	Properly document the CI/CD processes and rationale to maintain consistency and clarity across the team. This process must be essentially integrated in team’s development process. Suggestion here is to use readme.md files.
	Regularly Review & Update Your CI/CD Pipelines

	As tools, practices, and team needs evolve, continuously improve your pipelines.
	Collaboration and Communication

	Foster a culture of collaboration between development, operations, and quality assurance teams to ensure smooth deployment processes. Share all the requirements, possibilities and knowledge how to build, test, deploy and even release the code among team members, no matter how automatically or manually. This will allow team members to work independently in a more productive way.

	Implementing these practices can help create an efficient and robust CI/CD pipeline that consistently delivers high-quality software.


	Created by Ekaterina Mantsurova, last updated on Mar 07, 2025 9 minute read

	SAST and DAST: Overview
	SAST Tools
	SAST Distribution Models
	DAST Tools

	SAST and DAST: Overview

	SAST (Static Application Security Testing) and DAST (Dynamic Application Security Testing) are both methodologies used for identifying security vulnerabilities in software applications. They can be integrated into the CI/CD pipeline to ensure security throughout the development lifecycle.
	SAST (Static Application Security Testing)

	Description: SAST tools analyze source code, byte code, or binary code at rest (i.e., without executing the code) to detect security vulnerabilities. It is used early in the development process, as it does not require a running application.

	Common Tools: Some popular SAST tools include SonarQube, Checkmarx, Fortify, and Coverity.

	Integration in CI/CD: SAST tools can be integrated into the CI pipeline to automatically scan code for security issues whenever code is committed. This allows developers to detect and fix security issues early in the development process.

	Best Practices:

	Integrate SAST into the version control system to scan all code commits and pull requests.
	Set up policies and rules to determine which security issues must be addressed immediately and which can be deferred.
	Educate developers on understanding and fixing reported security issues.

	DAST (Dynamic Application Security Testing)

	Description: DAST tools analyze applications in their running state, typically from the outside in, to detect security vulnerabilities that appear during the application's runtime. DAST is used later in the development process since it requires a running application.

	Common Tools: Common DAST tools include OWASP ZAP, Burp Suite, Acunetix, and WebInspect.

	Integration in CI/CD: DAST can be integrated into the CD pipeline to perform security assessments on fully deployed applications before they are released to production.

	Best Practices:

	Run DAST scans on deployed applications in a staging/pre-production environment.
	Automatically trigger DAST scans after deployment to ensure any recent changes are tested.
	Review and address detected security issues, adjusting the severity and impact based on the context of your environment and threat model.

	Combining SAST and DAST

	Integrating both SAST and DAST into the CI/CD pipeline provides a more comprehensive approach to application security testing:

	Use SAST for early detection of security issues in code.
	Use DAST to catch any runtime vulnerabilities that SAST might miss.
	Ensure both tools are configured to break the build or prevent deployment if critical vulnerabilities are found, depending on your security requirements.

	Finally, for optimal usage in CI/CD pipelines, consider using orchestration tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI, or GitHub Actions to automate the scanning processes and handle results intelligently to prioritize fixes based on the risk and exposure.
	This combined approach ensures security vulnerabilities are caught early and throughout the different stages of software development, helping to maintain the security integrity of your applications.
	SAST Tools

	Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools are essential for analyzing source code to detect vulnerabilities and ensure secure coding practices. Below is a curated list of some popular SAST tools along with their descriptions and links. This list covers a range of tools suited for different programming languages and development workflows, making it easier for teams to choose one that best aligns with their needs.
	1. SonarQube

	Description: SonarQube is an open-source platform for continuous inspection of code quality. It supports multiple languages and provides detailed security analysis as part of its code quality checks.
	Features: Detects OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities, integrates with CI/CD tools, supports enterprise-grade security checks.
	Link: https://www.sonarqube.org/
	2. Fortify Static Code Analyzer (Fortify SCA)

	Description: Fortify SCA by Micro Focus provides static code analysis to identify and remediate security vulnerabilities in various programming languages.
	Features: Comprehensive scanning capabilities, integration with CI/CD, detailed vulnerability reporting.
	Link: https://www.microfocus.com/en-us/cyberres/application-security/static-code-analyzer
	3. Checkmarx

	Description: Fortify SCA by Micro Focus provides static code analysis to identify and remediate security vulnerabilities in various programming languages.

	Features: Comprehensive scanning capabilities, integration with CI/CD, detailed vulnerability reporting.

	Link: https://checkmarx.com/
	4. Veracode Static Analysis

	Description: Veracode offers a cloud-based SAST solution, enabling developers to identify and address flaws in source code efficiently.

	Features: Seamless integration with development pipelines, actionable results, and compliance-driven security checks.

	Link: https://www.veracode.com/products/static-analysis-sast
	5. Coverity

	Description: Coverity by Synopsys analyzes source code to identify critical defects, ensuring secure and high-quality software.

	Features: Supports complex codebases, integrates with DevOps workflows, real-time tracking of security risks.

	Link: https://www.synopsys.com/software-integrity/security-testing/static-analysis-sast.html
	6. AppScan (IBM Security)

	Description: AppScan provides SAST capabilities to help secure applications during development, aiding in compliance and security risk management.

	Features: Multi-language support, easy CI/CD integration, and detailed vulnerability reporting.

	Link: https://www.ibm.com/products/appscan
	7. Codacy

	Description: Codacy is an automated code review tool that includes static analysis and security checks. It helps identify vulnerabilities and assess code quality metrics.

	Features: Real-time feedback on code security issues, wide language support, integration with GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, and more.

	Link: https://www.codacy.com/
	8. Bandit

	Description: Bandit is a Python-focused static analysis tool that examines code for common security issues in Python scripts and applications.

	Features: Highly specific to Python projects, easy configuration, lightweight open-source tool.

	Link: https://bandit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
	9. ShiftLeft Core

	Description: ShiftLeft Core provides SAST capabilities designed for modern DevSecOps workflows, offering fast and accurate vulnerability detection.

	Features: Language-specific analysis, CI/CD integration, and actionable remediation guidance.

	Link: https://www.shiftleft.io/
	10. Semgrep

	Description: Semgrep is a lightweight SAST tool that allows developers to use custom rules to find vulnerabilities. It’s flexible and language-agnostic.

	Features: Simple configuration, integrates with CI/CD pipelines, and highly customizable patterns.

	Link: https://semgrep.dev/
	11. CodeQL

	Description: CodeQL by GitHub allows users to perform semantic code analysis to discover vulnerabilities in codebases using a query language.

	Features: Open-source, integrates with GitHub Actions, ideal for detecting complex vulnerabilities.

	Link: https://codeql.github.com/
	12. Snyk Code

	Description: Snyk Code provides a developer-first approach to static analysis, focusing on open-source and proprietary code vulnerabilities.

	Features: Developer-focused reports, fast scanning, integration with existing developer tools.

	Link: https://snyk.io/product/snyk-code/
	13. OWASP Source Code Analyzer Project (Orizon)

	Description: A project from OWASP aimed to offer static analysis capabilities to review code for potential vulnerabilities.

	Features: Open-source, language-agnostic framework for security analysis.

	Link: https://owasp.org/www-project-orizon/
	14. Reshift

	Description: Reshift is designed to integrate SAST capabilities into IDEs and DevOps pipelines to detect vulnerabilities in real time.

	Features: Focuses on Java and JavaScript, IDE integration, developer-friendly results.

	Link: https://reshiftsecurity.com/
	15. Flawfinder

	Description: Flawfinder analyzes C and C++ source code, focusing on patterns prone to vulnerabilities.

	Features: Open-source, lightweight, easily installed for quick scans.

	Link: https://dwheeler.com/flawfinder/
	16. Klocwork

	Description: Klocwork provides SAST for enterprise-level applications, detecting code vulnerabilities and enforcing compliance standards.

	Features: Designed for large-scale software projects, comprehensive defect detection, CI integration.

	Link: https://www.perforce.com/products/klocwork
	17. Phan

	Description: Phan is a PHP static analysis tool that focuses on detecting flaws in PHP source code during early development.

	Features: Developed specifically for PHP projects; highly customizable.

	Link: https://github.com/phan/phan
	SAST Distribution Models

	Static Application Security Testing (SAST) tools come in a variety of distribution models depending on the specific vendor and tool. Below is a general overview of distribution models found in the market for SAST tools.
	Free/Open Source Versions

	Free Tools: Some SAST tools are available for free, catering primarily to smaller teams, individual developers, or organizations with limited budgets. Examples might include tools with basic scanning capabilities but limited features (e.g., integration options or advanced reporting).
	Open Source: A few SAST tools exist as open-source projects, allowing organizations to use, modify, and contribute to the tool's development. Open-source solutions might lack customer support but provide flexibility for developers. Example: SonarQube Community Edition or Semgrep open-source version.
	Paid/Commercial Versions

	Many SAST tools are offered as commercial (paid) products. These solutions typically include more features than free/open-source options, such as:

	Advanced vulnerability detection mechanisms.
	Integration with CI/CD pipelines and DevOps processes.
	Alerts, dashboards, and advanced reporting.
	Support for a wider range of programming languages and frameworks.

	Examples: Checkmarx, Veracode, Fortify, Snyk, etc.

	Payment models may vary:

	Subscription-Based: Annual or monthly subscriptions.
	License-Based: One-time license fee combined with optional support or maintenance fees.

	Enterprise/Custom Versions

	Many vendors offer enterprise-grade versions of their SAST tools for larger organizations with complex requirements. These versions often include:

	Scalability for large teams/projects.
	Support for managing multiple projects in a centralized dashboard.
	Customizable policies and workflows.
	Advanced integrations (e.g., Jira, GitHub, GitLab, Jenkins).
	Dedicated customer support, including training and consulting services.
	On-premise or private cloud deployment options for enhanced security and compliance.

	Pricing for enterprise versions is generally customized based on the organization’s size, number of users, and specific needs.
	Hybrid Models

	Some SAST tools offer a mix of the above, where there is a freemium model:

	A free version is available, but with limitations (e.g., fewer analysis rules, limited language support, no CI/CD integration).
	Paid tiers or enterprise versions unlock premium features.

	Examples of SAST Tools and Their Distribution Models

	\| Tool \| Free/Open Source \| Paid/Commercial \| Enterprise Version \|
	\|-------------------------\|----------------------------\|-----------------\|-------------------\|
	\| SonarQube \| Yes (Community Edition) \| Yes \| Yes \|
	\| Checkmarx \| No \| Yes \| Yes \|
	\| Veracode \| No \| Yes \| Yes \|
	\| Semgrep \| Yes \| Yes \| Yes \|
	\| Fortify (by Micro Focus)\| No \| Yes \| Yes \|
	\| Snyk Code \| Partial (Free Tier) \| Yes \| Yes \|

	Key Considerations When Choosing a Model

	Budget: Free/open-source tools are suitable for smaller teams or startups, while paid or enterprise solutions are better for larger organizations requiring scalability.
	Compliance Requirements: Enterprises with strict compliance needs (e.g., PCI-DSS, HIPAA, GDPR) may need advanced tools with enterprise-grade security, auditing, and reporting capabilities.
	Ease of Use: While open-source tools are often cost-effective, they may require extensive configuration or lack ease of use compared to commercial options.
	Integration Needs: Commercial and enterprise solutions often provide better integration with modern CI/CD pipelines and development ecosystems.

	DAST Tools

	Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tools are integral for identifying security vulnerabilities in web applications during runtime. These tools simulate real-world attacks on a live application, mimicking a hacker's perspective to identify potential weaknesses. Below is a detailed list that includes some of the most prominent DAST tools available today, each with its unique strengths and ideal use cases, depending on your organization's needs (budget, scale, integration with development workflows).
	1. OWASP ZAP (Zed Attack Proxy)

	Description: OWASP ZAP is an open-source DAST tool maintained by the OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) community. It's highly popular for its ease of use, rich feature set, and free availability. OWASP ZAP can perform automated and manual security testing and integrates well with CI/CD pipelines.

	Features:

	Intercepting proxy for manual testing.
	Automated scanners and spidering.
	Extensible via plugins and add-ons.

	Link: https://www.zaproxy.org
	2. Burp Suite

	Description: Burp Suite, developed by PortSwigger, is a comprehensive security testing platform widely used by professionals for finding and exploiting web application vulnerabilities. It includes both a free (Community) and a paid (Professional/Enterprise) version, with the latter having advanced features like vulnerability scanning automation.

	Features:

	Manual and automated web vulnerability scanning.
	Tools for request interception and tampering.
	Extensible with user-created plugins.

	Link: https://portswigger.net/burp
	3. Acunetix

	Description: Acunetix is a commercial web vulnerability scanner designed to identify vulnerabilities like SQL injection, XSS, and other common web security issues. It supports a wide range of web technologies, including modern single-page applications.

	Features:

	Advanced crawling and scanning for complex web applications.
	Support for authentication mechanisms.
	Integration with CI/CD pipelines.

	Link: https://www.acunetix.com
	4. WebInspect

	Description:

	Micro Focus WebInspect is a commercial DAST solution designed for enterprise use. It provides robust web application security testing aimed at meeting compliance and regulatory requirements.

	Features:

	Advanced rule-based attack simulation.
	Designed for large-scale enterprise environments.
	Support for APIs and integration with security management platforms.

	Link: https://www.microfocus.com/en-us/cyberres/application-security/webinspect
	5. AppScan (HCL AppScan)

	Description: Formerly developed by IBM, HCL AppScan is a suite of application security testing tools. Its DAST component is used to find runtime vulnerabilities in web applications while also offering comprehensive reporting and integration features.

	Features:

	Advanced scanning with low false positives.
	Integration with DevOps tools for automated testing.
	Comprehensive vulnerability reporting.

	Link: https://www.hcltech.com/products-and-platforms/appscan
	6. Netsparker (Invicti Security)

	Description: Netsparker, now part of Invicti Security, automates the detection of web application vulnerabilities like SQL injection and XSS. It is known for its proof-based scanning, which ensures high accuracy by eliminating false positives.

	Features:

	Dead accurate scanning with proof-based reporting.
	Enterprise-level scalability.
	Integration options for CI/CD workflows.

	Link: https://www.netsparker.com
	7. Veracode Dynamic Analysis

	Description: Veracode Dynamic Analysis is a cloud-based DAST tool designed for enterprise-level application security testing. It allows organizations to scan applications effectively without the need for on-premises infrastructure.

	Features:

	Cloud-based and scalable.
	Easy setup with no required installation.
	Detailed vulnerability insights and prioritization.

	Link: https://www.veracode.com/products/dynamic-analysis
	8. Qualys WAS (Web Application Scanning)

	Description: Part of Qualys' comprehensive security platform, the Web Application Scanning (WAS) module helps organizations identify and remediate vulnerabilities in their web applications and APIs.

	Features:

	Automated crawling and deep scanning.
	Detailed compliance reports (e.g., PCI DSS).
	Integration with the larger Qualys suite.

	Link: https://www.qualys.com/apps/web-app-scanning/
	9. Astra Pentest

	Description: Astra Pentest is a modern DAST tool offering automated vulnerability assessments with the option to verify findings through manual validations. It serves companies looking for secure, fast, and user-friendly penetration tests.

	Features:

	Automated and manual testing.
	Detailed reports with remediation steps.
	SaaS platform for continuous vulnerability assessment.

	Link: https://www.getastra.com
	10. Netsparker Cloud (Invicti)

	Description: The cloud-based version of Netsparker, designed for scalability and ease of integration. It allows automated, centralized vulnerability management across applications in a secure cloud environment.

	Features:

	Collaboration across teams.
	False-positive-free scanning using heuristic technology.
	Seamless CI/CD pipeline integration.

	Link: https://www.invicti.com/
	11. Rapid7 InsightAppSec

	Description: InsightAppSec by Rapid7 is a cloud-based DAST tool designed for modern development workflows. It offers ease of use alongside deep scanning capabilities to identify real-world vulnerabilities in web applications.

	Features:

	Pre-configured attack templates targeting OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities.
	Integration with SDLC tools like Jira.
	Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST) capabilities.

	Link: https://www.rapid7.com/products/insightappsec/
	12. SiteLock

	Description: SiteLock is a security tool aimed at small-to-medium-sized businesses. With its automated DAST functionality, it scans websites for malware and vulnerabilities, providing recommendations for remediation.

	Features:

	Automated malware scanning and patching.
	Protects against common vulnerabilities like SQLi and XSS.
	Easy integration with hosting providers.

	Link: https://www.sitelock.com
	13. Detectify

	Description: Detectify is a cloud-based DAST tool focused on automating security testing with minimal configuration. It is particularly appreciated for its researcher-based vulnerability updates.

	Features:

	Regular updates based on real-world hacker submissions.
	Friendly for DevOps workflows.
	SaaS platform for seamless web application security testing.

	Link: https://detectify.com