A database schema for a Tinder-clone dating app using either MySQL, SQLite or PostgreSQL as primary database

mid_budget_online_dating_app_design_database.sql

-- MySQL v8.0.16
-- PostgresSQL v16.9.2

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `test`
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 -- utf8mb4
DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;  -- utf8mb4_unicode_ci

SET default_storage_engine = INNODB;

-- USERS Table: Core authentication information
CREATE TABLE user_details (
    id bigint NOT NULL,
    email varchar(100) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
    password_hash varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    created_at timestamp WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    last_login timestamp WITH TIME ZONE,
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

-- PROFILES Table: Detailed personal information
CREATE TABLE user_accounts (
    id bigint NOT NULL, 
    first_name varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    last_name varchar(50) NOT NULL,
    bio text,
    date_of_birth date NOT NULL,
    gender enum('male', 'female', 'non-binary') NOT NULL,
    location_country char(2),
    is_active tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    PRIMARY KEY (id),
    FOREIGN KEY (id) REFERENCES user_details(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

-- USER_PHOTOS Table: Store links to user photos
CREATE TABLE user_photos (
    id bigint NOT NULL,
    user_id bigint NOT NULL ,
    photo_url varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    is_profile_pic tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    uploaded_at timestamp WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    PRIMARY KEY (id),
    FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES user_details(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

-- INTERESTS Table: Master list of all possible interests
CREATE TABLE user_interests (
    id bigint NOT NULL,
    interest_name varchar(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

-- USER_WITH_INTERESTS Table: Many-to-many relationship between users and interests
CREATE TABLE user_with_interests (
    user_id bigint NOT NULL ,
    interest_id bigint NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (user_id, interest_id),
    FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES user_details(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
    FOREIGN KEY (interest_id) REFERENCES user_interests(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

-- SWIPES Table: Track user interactions (likes/dislikes)
CREATE TABLE swipes (
    swipe_id bigint NOT NULL,
    swiper_id bigint NOT NULL,
    swipee_id bigint NOT NULL,
    swipe_type enum('like', 'dislike') NOT NULL,
    created_at timestamp WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    UNIQUE (swiper_id, swipee_id) -- Ensures a user can only swipe on another user once
    PRIMARY KEY (id),
    FOREIGN KEY (swiper_id) REFERENCES user_details(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
    FOREIGN KEY (swipee_id) REFERENCES user_details(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

-- MATCHES Table: Store successful matches (both users swiped 'like')
CREATE TABLE matches (
    id bigint NOT NULL,
    matcher_user_id bigint NOT NULL,
    matchee_user_id bigint NOT NULL,
    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    -- Enforces that a match only exists once, regardless of user order
    UNIQUE (LEAST(matcher_user_id, matchee_user_id), GREATEST(matcher_user_id, matchee_user_id)),
    PRIMARY KEY (id),
    FOREIGN KEY (matcher_user_id) REFERENCES use_details(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
    FOREIGN KEY (matchee_user_id) REFERENCES use_details(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

-- MESSAGES Table: In-app messaging
CREATE TABLE messages (
    id bigint NOT NULL,
    match_id bigint NOT NULL,
    sender_id bigint NOT NULL ,
    recipient_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(user_id),
    message text NOT NULL,
    sent_at timestamp WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    is_read tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
    PRIMARY KEY (id),
    FOREIGN KEY (match_id) REFERENCES matches(id) ON DELETE NO ACTION,
    FOREIGN KEY (sender_id) REFERENCES user_details(id) ON DELETE NO ACTION,
    FOREIGN KEY (recipient_id) REFERENCES user_details(id) ON DELETE NO ACTION,
);