Update PowerShell modules to their latest versions using PowerShell 7 parallel processing.

Update-Modules.ps1

#Requires -Version 7.0
<#
.SYNOPSIS
    Updates PowerShell modules to their latest versions.
.DESCRIPTION
    Updates all or specified PowerShell modules to their latest versions, with options for
    prerelease versions and parallel processing. Automatically removes older versions after update.
.PARAMETER AllowPrerelease
    If specified, allows updating to prerelease versions.
.PARAMETER Name
    Specifies the names of modules to update. Defaults to '*' for all modules.
.PARAMETER WhatIf
    Shows what would happen if the function runs without actually performing updates.
.PARAMETER ThrottleLimit
    Maximum number of concurrent operations. Defaults to 5.
.EXAMPLE
    Update-Modules
    Updates all installed modules to their latest stable versions.
.EXAMPLE
    Update-Modules -Name "Az" -AllowPrerelease
    Updates the Az module to its latest version, including prereleases.
#>
function Update-Modules {
    param (
        [switch]$AllowPrerelease, # Include prerelease versions in updates
        [string]$Name = '*', # Module name filter, '*' for all modules
        [switch]$WhatIf, # Preview changes without applying them
        [int]$ThrottleLimit = 5   # Control parallel execution limit
    )
    
    # Initialize by getting all installed modules matching the name filter
    Write-Host ("Retrieving all installed modules ...") -ForegroundColor Green
    [array]$CurrentModules = Get-InstalledModule -Name $Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | 
    Select-Object Name, Version, Repository | 
    Sort-Object Name

    # Exit if no modules are found
    if (-not $CurrentModules) {
        Write-Host ("No modules found.") -ForegroundColor Gray
        return
    }
    
    # Display initial status
    Write-Host ("{0} modules found." -f $CurrentModules.Count) -ForegroundColor Gray
    Write-Host ("Updating installed modules to the latest {0} version ..." -f $(if ($AllowPrerelease) { "PreRelease" } else { "Production" })) -ForegroundColor Green

    # Store original versions for comparison in summary
    $script:OldVersions = @{}
    foreach ($Module in $CurrentModules) {
        $script:OldVersions[$Module.Name] = $Module.Version
    }

    # Process updates in parallel for better performance
    $CurrentModules | ForEach-Object -Parallel {
        $Module = $_
        $AllowPrerelease = $using:AllowPrerelease
        $WhatIf = $using:WhatIf
        
        try {
            # Find the latest available version
            $findParams = @{
                Name            = $Module.Name
                AllowPrerelease = $AllowPrerelease
                ErrorAction     = 'Stop'
            }
            
            $latest = Find-Module @findParams | Select-Object -First 1
            
            # Update only if a newer version is available
            if ($latest.Version -and $Module.Version -and ([version]$latest.Version -gt [version]$Module.Version)) {
                $updateParams = @{
                    Name            = $Module.Name
                    AllowPrerelease = $AllowPrerelease
                    AcceptLicense   = $true
                    Force           = $true
                    WhatIf          = $WhatIf
                    ErrorAction     = 'Stop'
                }
                
                Update-Module @updateParams
                Write-Host ("Updated {0} from version {1} to {2}" -f $Module.Name, $Module.Version, $latest.Version) -ForegroundColor Yellow
                
                # Remove older versions to save disk space
                if (-not $WhatIf) {
                    $AllVersions = Get-InstalledModule -Name $Module.Name -AllVersions | Sort-Object PublishedDate -Descending
                    foreach ($Version in $AllVersions | Select-Object -Skip 1) {
                        try {
                            Uninstall-Module -Name $Module.Name -RequiredVersion $Version.Version -Force -ErrorAction Stop
                            Write-Host ("Uninstalled older version {0} of {1}" -f $Version.Version, $Module.Name) -ForegroundColor Gray
                        } catch {
                            Write-Warning ("Failed to uninstall version {0} of {1}: {2}" -f $Version.Version, $Module.Name, $_.Exception.Message)
                        }
                    }
                }
            } else {
                Write-Host ("{0} is up to date (version {1})" -f $Module.Name, $Module.Version) -ForegroundColor Cyan
            }
        } catch {
            Write-Warning ("{0}: {1}" -f $Module.Name, $_.Exception.Message)
        }
    } -ThrottleLimit $ThrottleLimit

    # Generate summary report of all updates
    if (-not $WhatIf) {
        $NewModules = Get-InstalledModule -Name $Name -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | 
        Select-Object Name, Version | 
        Sort-Object Name

        # Compare new versions with original versions
        $UpdatedModules = $NewModules | Where-Object { 
            $script:OldVersions[$_.Name] -ne $_.Version 
        }
        
        # Display summary of changes
        if ($UpdatedModules) {
            Write-Host "`nUpdated modules:" -ForegroundColor Green
            foreach ($Module in $UpdatedModules) {
                Write-Host ("- {0}: {1} -> {2}" -f $Module.Name, $script:OldVersions[$Module.Name], $Module.Version) -ForegroundColor Green
            }
        } else {
            Write-Host "`nNo modules were updated." -ForegroundColor Gray
        }
    }
}