Minimalist python tkinter text editor

notepad.py

#
# Simple code editor with syntax highlighting
#

# import Libraries
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import filedialog

# create new file
def new_file():
    # if text wasn't changed
    if not text_area.edit_modified():
        # clear text area
        text_area.delete('1.0', tk.END)
    
    # otherwise
    else:
        # call 'save as' function
        save_file_as()
        
        # clear text area after
        text_area.delete('1.0', tk.END)
    
    # clear 'is_modified' flag
    text_area.edit_modified(0)
    
    # restore window title
    main_window.title('Notepad')
    
# open existing file
def open_file():
    # if text wasn't changed
    if not text_area.edit_modified():
        # try to open file
        try:
            # get the path of file to open
            path = filedialog.askopenfile(filetypes = (("Text files", "*.txt"), ("All files", "*.*"))).name
            
            # store path in window title for later reference
            main_window.title('Notepad - ' + path)
            
            # open file stream
            with open(path, 'r') as f:
                # clear text area and insert file content
                content = f.read()
                text_area.delete('1.0', tk.END)
                text_area.insert('1.0', content)
                
                # clear 'is_modified' flag
                text_area.edit_modified(0)
        
        # exception is thrown if 'Cancel' button is clicked on 'Open file dialogue'
        except:
            pass
    
    # otherwise
    else:
        # call 'save as' function
        save_file_as()
        
        # clear 'is_modified' flag
        text_area.edit_modified(0)
        
        # call 'open_file' function recursively        
        open_file()
         
# save current file
def save_file():
    # try to get current file path
    try:
        # get file path from window title
        path = main_window.title().split('-')[1][1:]
    
    # init path variable to empty string on exception
    except:
        path = ''

    # check if file path is available
    if path != '':
        # write file
        with open(path, 'w') as f:
            content = text_area.get('1.0', tk.END)
            f.write(content)
    
    # otherwise call 'save as' function
    else:
        save_file_as()
    
    # clear 'is_modified' flag
    text_area.edit_modified(0)

def save_file_as():
    # try to get file path
    try:
        path = filedialog.asksaveasfile(filetypes = (("Text files", "*.txt"), ("All files", "*.*"))).name
        main_window.title('Notepad - ' + path)

    # return if 'Cancel' button is clicked on 'Save file dialogue'
    except:
        return
    
    # otherwise write file to disk
    with open(path, 'w') as f:
        f.write(text_area.get('1.0', tk.END))

# create main window instance
main_window = tk.Tk()

# configure main window
main_window.title('Notepad')
main_window.geometry('800x600')

# create menu bar instance
menubar = tk.Menu(main_window)

# create 'File' menu items
file_menu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
file_menu.add_command(label="New", command=new_file)
file_menu.add_command(label="Open", command=open_file)
file_menu.add_command(label="Save", command=save_file)
file_menu.add_command(label="Save as...", command=save_file_as)
file_menu.add_separator()
file_menu.add_command(label="Exit", command=main_window.quit)

# add 'File' menu to the menu bar
menubar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=file_menu)

# create text area to input text
text_area = tk.Text(main_window)
text_area.pack(expand = tk.YES, fill = tk.BOTH, side = tk.LEFT)

# create scrollbar and link it to the text area
scroll_bar = ttk.Scrollbar(main_window, orient=tk.VERTICAL, command=text_area.yview)
scroll_bar.pack(fill=tk.Y, side=tk.RIGHT)
text_area['yscrollcommand'] = scroll_bar.set

# Connect menubar to the window
main_window.config(menu=menubar)

# run main application loop
tk.mainloop()