参考:
CentOS Stream 8 : Python 3.9 インストール : Server World- https://www.server-world.info/query?os=CentOS_Stream_8&p=python&f=5
- 厳密には
dnf module enable (module-name):(stream)をやった方が良いかもだけど、今回は手を抜いてスキップ。
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ sudo dnf module list | grep python
libselinux-python 2.8 common Python 2 bindings for libselinux
python27 2.7 [d] common [d] Python programming language, version 2.7
python36 3.6 [d] build, common [d] Python programming language, version 3.6
python38 3.8 [d] build, common [d] Python programming language, version 3.8
python39 3.9 [d] build, common [d] Python programming language, version 3.9
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ sudo dnf module -y install python39
(...)
Installed:
python39-3.9.7-1.module_el8.6.0+930+10acc06f.x86_64 python39-libs-3.9.7-1.module_el8.6.0+930+10acc06f.x86_64
python39-pip-20.2.4-6.module_el8.6.0+930+10acc06f.noarch python39-pip-wheel-20.2.4-6.module_el8.6.0+930+10acc06f.noarch
python39-setuptools-50.3.2-4.module_el8.6.0+930+10acc06f.noarch python39-setuptools-wheel-50.3.2-4.module_el8.6.0+930+10acc06f.noarch
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ rpm -ql python39
/usr/bin/pydoc-3
/usr/bin/pydoc3
/usr/bin/pydoc3.9
/usr/bin/python3
/usr/bin/python3.9
/usr/bin/unversioned-python
/usr/lib/.build-id
/usr/lib/.build-id/c4
/usr/lib/.build-id/c4/379682d3c6d0f38ba30b967aaee27374a80fc2
/usr/share/doc/python39
/usr/share/doc/python39/README.rst
/usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/python3.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/python3.9.1.gz
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ python3 -V
Python 3.9.7
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ rpm -ql python39-pip
/usr/bin/pip-3
/usr/bin/pip-3.9
/usr/bin/pip3
/usr/bin/pip3.9
/usr/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip
参考:
- インストール後のmanページ
mysqld(8)mysql_secure_installation(1)
CentOS Stream 8 : MySQL 8.0 : インストール : Server World
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ sudo dnf module list | grep mysql
mysql 8.0 [d] client, server [d] MySQL Module
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ sudo dnf info mysql-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:28:56 ago on Sat 05 Feb 2022 09:54:33 PM JST.
Available Packages
Name : mysql-server
Version : 8.0.26
Release : 1.module_el8.4.0+915+de215114
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 25 M
Source : mysql-8.0.26-1.module_el8.4.0+915+de215114.src.rpm
Repository : appstream
Summary : The MySQL server and related files
URL : http://www.mysql.com
License : GPLv2 with exceptions and LGPLv2 and BSD
Description : MySQL is a multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. MySQL is a
: client/server implementation consisting of a server daemon (mysqld)
: and many different client programs and libraries. This package contains
: the MySQL server and some accompanying files and directories.
→ 8.0 系が提供されてるので、そのままdnfでインストール。
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ sudo dnf install -y mysql mysql-server
[msakamoto@ip-10-0-2-15 ~]$ rpm -ql mysql-server
/etc/logrotate.d/mysqld
/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-default-authentication-plugin.cnf
/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf
/run/mysqld
/usr/bin/ibd2sdi
/usr/bin/innochecksum
/usr/bin/my_print_defaults
/usr/bin/myisam_ftdump
/usr/bin/myisamchk
/usr/bin/myisamlog
/usr/bin/myisampack
/usr/bin/mysql_migrate_keyring
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
/usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
/usr/bin/mysql_upgrade
/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd
/usr/bin/mysqldumpslow
/usr/bin/perror
/usr/lib/.build-id
(...)
/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/mysqld.conf
(...)
/usr/libexec/mysqld
/usr/sbin/mysqld
(...)
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz
(...)
/usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz
(...)
/var/lib/mysql
(...)
/var/log/mysql
/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
- 依存関係でインストールされる
mariadb-connector-c-configに/etc/my.cnfおよび/etc/my.cnf.d/ディレクトリが含まれている。/etc/my.cnfから、/etc/my.cnf.d/以下の設定ファイルを include している。
- サーバ用の設定ファイルは
/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnfで、mysql-serverパッケージが提供している。 mysqld --verbose --helpによると/etc/my.cnfを読み込み[mysqld], [server], [mysqld-8.0]セクションを読み込む。- つまり MySQL では client/server とも
/etc/my.cnfを共通で読み込み、その中のセクション名でそれぞれ毎の設定値を読み分けている。
- つまり MySQL では client/server とも
- カスタマイズする際は独自の
[server]セクションで設定値をカスタムしたファイルを/etc/my.cnf.d/以下に配置するのが流儀と思われる。
設定ファイル/systemd unitファイル/helpの詳細:
/etc/my.cnf
#
# This group is read both both by the client and the server
# use it for options that affect everything
#
[client-server]
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-server.cnf
#
# This group are read by MySQL server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see
#
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mysqld according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
# It's not recommended to modify this file in-place, because it will be
# overwritten during package upgrades. If you want to customize, the
# best way is to use systemctl edit:
#
# $ systemctl edit mysqld.service
#
# this will create file
#
# /etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service.d/override.conf
#
# which be parsed after the file mysqld.service itself is parsed.
#
# For example, if you want to increase mysql's open-files-limit to 20000
# add following when editing with command above:
#
# [Service]
# LimitNOFILE=20000
#
# Or if you require to execute pre and post scripts in the unit file as root, set
# PermissionsStartOnly=true
#
# For more info about custom unit files, see systemd.unit(5) or
# http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd#How_do_I_customize_a_unit_file.2F_add_a_custom_unit_file.3F
#
# Don't forget to reload systemd daemon after you change unit configuration:
# root> systemctl --system daemon-reload
[Unit]
Description=MySQL 8.0 database server
After=syslog.target
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=notify
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-socket
ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mysql-prepare-db-dir %n
# Note: we set --basedir to prevent probes that might trigger SELinux alarms,
# per bug #547485
ExecStart=/usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr
ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mysql-check-upgrade
ExecStopPost=/usr/libexec/mysql-wait-stop
# Give a reasonable amount of time for the server to start up/shut down
TimeoutSec=300
# Place temp files in a secure directory, not /tmp
PrivateTmp=true
Restart=on-failure
RestartPreventExitStatus=1
# Sets open_files_limit
LimitNOFILE = 10000
# Set enviroment variable MYSQLD_PARENT_PID. This is required for SQL restart command.
Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
mysqld --verbose --help(mysqld(8)では細かい説明が無く、--helpを参照せよ、となっている)
mysqld Ver 8.0.26 for Linux on x86_64 (Source distribution)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Starts the MySQL database server.
Usage: mysqld [OPTIONS]
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysqld server mysqld-8.0
(...)
$ sudo vi /etc/my.cnf.d/charset.cnf
# デフォルトの文字コードを設定
# 絵文字等 4 バイト長の文字を扱う場合は [utf8mb4]
[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8mb4
[client]
default-character-set = utf8mb4
$ sudo systemctl enable mysqld$ sudo systemctl start mysqld
この後は 参考資料 と同様に $ sudo mysql_secure_installation を実行して MySQL 用rootユーザのパスワードを設定、匿名ユーザは削除、リモートPCからのroot接続を禁止、テスト用DBの削除を実施、DB作成/TABLE作成/SELECT/DROP動作を確認した。