| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| Display ads | Yahoo! |
| Search ads | |
| Text ads | |
| Video ads | Hulu |
| Audio ads | Pandora |
| Promoted content | Twitter, Tumblr |
| Paid-content links | Outbrain |
| Recruitment ads | |
| Lead generation | MoneySuperMarket, ZocDoc |
| Affiliate fees | Amazon Affiliate Program |
| Classifieds | Craiglist |
| Featured listings | Yelp, Super Pages; |
| E-mail ads | Yahoo, MSN |
| Ad-retargeting | Criteo |
| Real-time-intent ad delivery | |
| Location-based offers | Foursquare |
| Sponsorships/Site take-overs | Pandora |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| Retailing | Zappos |
| Marketplace | Etsy |
| Crowd-sourced marketplace | Threadless |
| Excess-capacity markets | Uber, AirBnB |
| Vertically-integrated commerce | Warby Parker |
| Aggregator | Lastminute.com |
| Flash sales | Gilt Groupe, Vente Privee |
| Group buying | Groupon |
| Digital goods/downloads | iTunes |
| Virtual goods | Zynga |
| Training | Cloudera(?), -> Coursera |
| Pay what you want | Radiohead |
| Commission | SharesPost |
| Commission per order | Seamless, GrubHub |
| Auction | eBay |
| Reverse Auction | Priceline |
| Barter for services | SwapRight |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| Software as a Service (SAAS) | Salesforce |
| Service as a Service | Shopify |
| Content as a Service | Spotify, Netflix |
| Platform As A Service (PaaS) | dotCloud, Heroku |
| Infrastructure As A Service (IaaS) | |
| Freemium SaaS | Dropbox |
| Donations | Wikipedia |
| Sampling | Birchbox |
| Membership Services | Amazon Prime |
| Support and Maintenance | 10gen, Red Hat |
| Paywall | New York Times |
| Voice and video-conferencing | Uberconference |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| P2P lending | Lending Club, |
| P2P gambling | BetFair |
| P2P buying | Etsy |
| P2P insurance | |
| P2P computing | CrasPlan storage, SETI@home |
| P2P service | Mechanical Turk, TaskRabbit |
| P2P mobile WiFi/tethering |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| Merchant acquiring | PayPal (On-/Offline), Stripe (OnL), Square (OffL) |
| Intermediary | IP Commerce (POS 2.0), CardSpring |
| Acquiring processing | Paymentech |
| Bank transfer | Dwolla |
| Bank depository offering | Simple, Movenbank (spread on average deposits) |
| Bank card issuance | Simple (interchange fee per transaction) |
| Fullfilment | Amazon |
| Messaging | Peer-to-Peer SMS, IM, Group Messaging |
| Telephony (public networks) | Skype out/in |
| Telephony (private cloud) | Native Skype |
| Mobile payment gateway | Braintree |
| Platform monetization (“tax”) | Facebook Credits, iOS 30/70 cut |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| Per seat | Sencha |
| Per device/server | QlikView |
| Per application instance | Adobe Photoshop |
| Per site | Private cloud on internal infrastructure |
| Patent | Qualcomm |
| Brand | Sesame Street |
| Indirect | Apple Volume Purchasing |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| User data | BlueKai |
| Business data | Duedil |
| User intelligence | Yougov |
| Search Data | Chango |
| Real-time consumer intent data | Yieldbot |
| Benchmarking services | Comscore |
| Market research | GLG |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| Paid-app Downloads | |
| In-app purchases | Zynga Poker |
| In-app subscriptions | NY Times app |
| Advertising | Flurry, AdMob |
| Digital-to-physical | Red Stamp, Postagram |
| Models | Examples |
|---|---|
| Freemium (virtual currency) | Zynga |
| Subscription | World of Warcraft |
| Premium | Xbox games |
| DLC (downloadable content) | Call of Duty |
| Ads | addictinggames.com |