wait_until.php

<?php

class TimeoutException extends RuntimeException
{
    //
}

function wait_until(callable $callback, $seconds)
{
    declare(ticks = 1);

    pcntl_signal(SIGALRM, function () use ($seconds) {
        throw new TimeoutException("Callback exceeded the $seconds seconds timeout");
    }, true);

    pcntl_alarm($seconds);

    return $callback();
}

try {
    wait_until(function () {
        sleep(5);
        print 'It works!';
    }, 3);
} catch (TimeoutException $exception) {
    print 'Timeout ¯\_(ツ)_/¯';
}