Portable pseudorandom number generator in c.

prng.c

/* Portable pseudorandom number generator
 * Based on a 24,55 Fibonacci generator, using 55/503 rejection
 * c.f.- TAoCP, 3.2.2(7), for j=24,k=55,m=2^64
 *
 * THIS FILE IS PUBLIC DOMAIN CODE.
 *
 * Written by Bob Adolf.
 * Attribution is appreciated but by no means legally required.
 *
 * This function is sufficient for most non-crypto applications.
 * It passes all but one of George Marsaglia's "diehard" randomness tests.
 *  (overlapping 5-tuple permutations, which is allegedly buggy)
 */

#ifndef __PRNG_H__
#define __PRNG_H__

#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define LAG1               (UINT16_C(24))
#define LAG2               (UINT16_C(55))
#define RAND_SSIZE         ((UINT16_C(1)) << 6)
#define RAND_SMASK         (RAND_SSIZE - 1)
#define RAND_EXHAUST_LIMIT LAG2
// 10x is a heuristic, it just needs to be large enough to remove correlation
#define RAND_REFILL_COUNT ((LAG2 * 10) - RAND_EXHAUST_LIMIT)
struct prng_rand_t
{
    uint64_t s[RAND_SSIZE]; // Lags
    uint_fast16_t i;        // Location of the current lag
    uint_fast16_t c;        // Exhaustion count
};

#define PRNG_RAND_MAX UINT64_MAX

static inline uint64_t prng_rand(struct prng_rand_t* state)
{
    uint_fast16_t i;
    uint_fast16_t r, new_rands = 0;

    if (!state->c)
    {   // Randomness exhausted, run forward to refill
        new_rands += RAND_REFILL_COUNT + 1;
        state->c = RAND_EXHAUST_LIMIT - 1;
    }
    else
    {
        new_rands = 1;
        state->c--;
    }

    for (r = 0; r < new_rands; r++)
    {
        i = state->i;
        state->s[i & RAND_SMASK] = state->s[(i + RAND_SSIZE - LAG1) & RAND_SMASK]
                                   + state->s[(i + RAND_SSIZE - LAG2) & RAND_SMASK];
        state->i++;
    }
    return state->s[i & RAND_SMASK];
}

static inline void prng_srand(uint64_t seed, struct prng_rand_t* state)
{
    uint_fast16_t i;
    // Naive seed
    state->c = RAND_EXHAUST_LIMIT;
    state->i = 0;

    state->s[0] = seed;
    for (i = 1; i < RAND_SSIZE; i++)
    {
        // Arbitrary magic, mostly to eliminate the effect of low-value seeds.
        // Probably could be better, but the run-up obviates any real need to.
        state->s[i] = i * (UINT64_C(2147483647)) + seed;
    }

    // Run forward 10,000 numbers
    for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
    {
        prng_rand(state);
    }
}

// Clean up our macros
#undef LAG1
#undef LAG2
#undef RAND_SSIZE
#undef RAND_SMASK
#undef RAND_EXHAUST_LIMIT
#undef RAND_REFILL_COUNT

// PRNG_RAND_MAX is exported

#endif