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Cornell CS 614 - Advanced Course in Computer Systems - Ken Birman teaches this course. The readings cover more distributed systems research than is typical (which I am in favour of!). In fact, there's barely anything on traditional internal OS topics like filesystems or memory management. There's some worthwhile commentary at the bottom of the page.
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Princeton COS 518 - Advanced Operating Systems - short and snappy reading list of two papers per topic, covering some interesting stuff like buffering inside the operating system, and L4.
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Stanford CS240 - Advanced Topics in Operating Systems - an interesting and concise set of readings. A presentation on Firefox internals is a course-specific highlight.