cordova-camera-plugin-upload-file.js

// Adapted from: https://cordova.apache.org/blog/2017/10/18/from-filetransfer-to-xhr2.html
// After scouring the internet, this is the only workable example I found
// The File object returned from resolveLocalFileSystemURL().file() is not compatible with FormData

navigator.camera.getPicture(function cameraSuccess(imageUri) {
    window.resolveLocalFileSystemURL(imageUri, function(fileEntry) {
        fileEntry.file(function(file) {
            // imageUri - this can be used to display an image like `<img src=${imageUri} />`
            // file - a "File" type, but not a normal File type that can be used with FormData

            var reader = new FileReader();

            reader.onloadend = function() {
                // Create a blob based on the FileReader "result", which we asked to be retrieved as an ArrayBuffer
                var blob = new Blob([new Uint8Array(this.result)], { type: "image/png" });
                var oReq = new XMLHttpRequest();

                // blob can also be added to FormData
                // const formData = new FormData();
                // formData.append('file', blob);

                oReq.open("POST", "http://mysweeturl.com/upload_handler", true);
                oReq.onload = function (oEvent) {
                    // all done!
                };
                // Pass the blob in to XHR's send method
                oReq.send(blob);
            };

            // Read the file as an ArrayBuffer
            reader.readAsArrayBuffer(file);            
        }, function(error) {
            alert("Unable to obtain picture: " + error);
        });
    });		
}, function cameraError(error) {
    alert("Unable to obtain picture: " + error);				
}, options);

Was having a very hard time finding a solution to upload a photo using the first party Cordova camera plugin: https://github.com/apache/cordova-plugin-camera

Hopefully this can help someone who was stuck where I was trying to get this to work.