createErrorSubclass.ts

function createErrorSubclass<T = string>(
  name: string,
  getMessage: (param: T | undefined) => string | undefined = (input) =>
    input === undefined ? undefined : String(input),
  ErrorClass: new () => Error = Error,
) {
  if (!name.endsWith('Error')) {
    throw new Error(`Invalid name "${name}"`);
  }
  return Object.defineProperties(
    class extends ErrorClass {
      constructor(param?: T, options?: { cause?: Error }) {
        // @ts-expect-error
        super(getMessage(param), options);
      }
      get name() {
        return name;
      }
      get [Symbol.toStringTag]() {
        return name;
      }
    },
    {
      // Defining the name property here is only necessary because we're
      // using an anonymous class
      name: { value: name, configurable: true },
    },
  );
}

Example here.