Windows Server 2022にWindows Terminal, WinGetをインストールする関数

Install-LatestWindowsTerminal.ps1

function Install-LatestWindowsTerminal ([switch]$SkipInstallVCLibs) {
    # Check OS version
    $buildVersion = [Version](Get-CimInstance -ClassName 'Win32_OperatingSystem' -Property Version | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Version)
    $isWin11 = if ($buildVersion -ge ([Version]"10.0.22000.0") ) { $true } else { $false }
    
    # Get the latest release information
    $latest = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri 'https://api.github.com/repos/microsoft/terminal/releases/latest'
    $installerUrl = $latest.assets | Where-Object { $_.browser_download_url -like '*.msixbundle_Windows10_PreinstallKit.zip' } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty browser_download_url -First 1
    if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($installerUrl)) {
        Write-Error 'Failed to get the installer url'
        return
    }

    # For Windows 10, Need to install VCLibs
    if ((-not $isWin11) -and (-not $SkipInstallVCLibs)) {
        $vcLibsUrl = 'https://aka.ms/Microsoft.VCLibs.x64.14.00.Desktop.appx'
        Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Download $vcLibsUrl"
        Add-AppxPackage -Path $vcLibsUrl
    }

    # Download zip and expand items
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Download $installerUrl"
    $zipPath = Join-Path -Path ([IO.Path]::GetTempPath()) ($installerUrl -split '/')[-1]
    try {
        $client = [System.Net.WebClient]::new() 
        $client.DownloadFile($installerUrl, $zipPath)
    } finally {
        $client.Dispose()
    }

    Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Compression.FileSystem
    $xamlUIPath = ''
    $bundlePath = ''
    try {
        $archive = [System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::OpenRead($zipPath)
        # Extract Microsoft.UI.Xaml appx 
        $archName = switch ($env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE) {
            'x86' { 'x86' }
            'AMD64' { 'x64' }
            'ARM64' { 'arm64' }
            Default { 'x64' }
        }
        $item = $archive.Entries | Where-Object { $_.FullName -like "Microsoft.UI.Xaml*_${archName}*.appx" } | Select-Object -First 1
        if ($item) {
            $xamlUIPath = Join-Path -Path ([IO.Path]::GetTempPath()) ($item.Name)
            Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Extract $($item.Name) to $xamlUIPath"
            [System.IO.Compression.ZipFileExtensions]::ExtractToFile($item, $xamlUIPath)
        }
        # Extract msixbundle
        $item = $archive.Entries | Where-Object { $_.FullName -like '*.msixbundle' } | Select-Object -First 1
        if ($item) {
            $bundlePath = Join-Path -Path ([IO.Path]::GetTempPath()) ($item.Name)
            Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Extract $($item.Name) to $bundlePath"
            [System.IO.Compression.ZipFileExtensions]::ExtractToFile($item, $bundlePath)
        }
    } finally {
        if ($archive) {
            $archive.Dispose()
        }
    }
    
    # Install Microsoft.UI.Xaml appx
    if (-not $isWin11) {
        Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Install $xamlUIPath"
        Add-AppxPackage -Path $xamlUIPath
    }

    # Install MSIX bundle
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Install $bundlePath"
    Add-AppxPackage -Path $bundlePath

    # Remove files
    ($bundlePath, $xamlUIPath, $zipPath) | ForEach-Object {
        if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $_) {
            Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Remove $_"
            Remove-Item -LiteralPath $_
        }
    }
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Installation complete!"
}

Install-LatestWinGet.ps1

function Install-LatestWinGet ([switch]$SkipInstallVCLibs) {
    # Install prerequisites
    if (-not $SkipInstallVCLibs) {
        $vcLibsUrl = 'https://aka.ms/Microsoft.VCLibs.x64.14.00.Desktop.appx'
        Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Download $vcLibsUrl"
        Add-AppxPackage -Path $vcLibsUrl
    }

    # Find the latest assets url
    $latest = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri 'https://api.github.com/repos/microsoft/winget-cli/releases/latest'
    $msixUrl = $latest.assets | Where-Object { $_.browser_download_url -like '*.msixbundle' } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty browser_download_url
    $msixPath = Join-Path -Path ([IO.Path]::GetTempPath()) ($msixUrl -split '/')[-1]
    $licenseUrl = $latest.assets | Where-Object { $_.browser_download_url -like '*License1.xml' } | Select-Object -ExpandProperty browser_download_url
    $licensePath = Join-Path -Path ([IO.Path]::GetTempPath()) ($licenseUrl -split '/')[-1]

    # Download assets
    ( @{Url = $msixUrl ; LocalPath = $msixPath }, @{Url = $licenseUrl ; LocalPath = $licensePath } ) | ForEach-Object {
        Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Download $($_.Url)"
        try {
            $client = [System.Net.WebClient]::new() 
            $client.DownloadFile($_.Url, $_.LocalPath)
        } finally {
            $client.Dispose()
        }
    }

    # Install MSIX to provisioned package
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Install $msixPath"
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "  : License $licensePath"
    Add-AppxProvisionedPackage -Online -PackagePath $msixPath -LicensePath $licensePath
    # Install Microsoft.UI.Xaml 2.8.6 (need fixed version)
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Install Microsoft.UI.Xaml 2.8.6"
    $archName = switch ($env:PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE) {
        'x86' { 'x86' }
        'AMD64' { 'x64' }
        'ARM64' { 'arm64' }
        Default { 'x64' }
    }
    Add-AppxPackage -Path "https://github.com/microsoft/microsoft-ui-xaml/releases/download/v2.8.6/Microsoft.UI.Xaml.2.8.${archName}.appx"
    # Register MSIX 
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Registter Microsoft.DesktopAppInstaller"
    Add-AppxPackage -RegisterByFamilyName -MainPackage Microsoft.DesktopAppInstaller_8wekyb3d8bbwe

    # Remove assets
    ($msixPath, $licensePath) | ForEach-Object {
        if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $_) {
            Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Remove $_"
            Remove-Item -LiteralPath $_
        }
    }
    Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green "Installation complete!"
}

実行例

Install-LatestWindowsTerminal
Install-LatestWinGet

Windows Terminalに関して、2022年6月現在の最新バージョンだと

• Windows 11とWindows 10でmsixbundleが分かれた
• Windows 10にはVC Runtimeの事前インストールが必要になった
  ため処理を更新しています。

Windows Terminalに関して、2023年10月現在の状況として

• MSIX bundleは再度統合された
• Windows 10ではVC Runtimeに加え、Microsoft.Xaml.UIへの依存が増えた

という状況になり関数を見直しています。

また、WinGetに関して Microsoft.Xaml.UI 2.7 へのバージョン固定の依存関係が増えているためこちらも処理を見直しています。

WinGet v1.7.10514以降では Microsoft.UI.Xaml 2.7.3 → Microsoft.UI.Xaml 2.8.6 と必要となる依存関係が更新されています。