Backward copy processes right-to-left and handles overlapping ranges correctly by reading from the end first, ensuring source data isn't overwritten before being copied.

backward_copy.java

// Backward Copy (right-to-left)
// REQUIRED when source and destination ranges overlap
// and destination starts before source ends
public static void backwardCopy(int[] arr, int srcStart, int destStart, int length) {
    for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        arr[destStart + i] = arr[srcStart + i];
    }
}

// Example: Copy with overlapping ranges
// Original: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
// Copy indices 0-2 to indices 1-3 (destination overlaps source)
// Forward copy would corrupt: [1, 1, 2, 3, 5] (WRONG - data lost)
// Backward copy preserves:   [1, 1, 2, 3, 4] (CORRECT)