How to flash Samsung devices using a Linux machine

flash-samdevices-on-linux.md

📱 Flash Samsung Firmware on Linux (Ubuntu 24.04+) Using Heimdall

A complete step-by-step guide to flashing Samsung firmware using Linux and the open-source Odin alternative: Heimdall.

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🧰 Requirements

• A Samsung smartphone or tablet
• A Linux distro (tested on Ubuntu 24.04)
• A USB cable (preferably original)
• Downloaded Samsung firmware (from SamMobile, SamFW, etc.)
• heimdall installed

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🛠️ Step 1: Install Heimdall

Install via APT:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install heimdall-flash

Verify installation:

heimdall version

If you get APT lock errors (e.g., packagekitd holding lock), run:

sudo killall packagekitd

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⚡ Step 2: Boot Samsung Device into Download Mode

Use one of these combinations (device dependent):

Device Type	Button Combo
Older (w/ Bixby)	Vol Down + Bixby + Power
Newer (no Bixby)	Vol Down + Vol Up (then connect USB)
One UI 6+ Devices	Vol Down + Vol Up + USB cable

Then press Vol Up to enter Download Mode.

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🔌 Step 3: Verify Connection

Connect your device via USB and run:

sudo heimdall detect

Expected output:

Device detected

If not, check:

• USB cable/port
• USB debugging / driver issues
• That you're really in Download Mode

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📦 Step 4: Extract Firmware Files

Extract .tar.md5 firmware:

7z x firmware.tar.md5

This should give you .img files like:

• boot.img
• recovery.img
• vbmeta.img
• super.img
• userdata.img

You do not flash .tar.md5 directly with Heimdall.

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🔍 Step 5: List Valid Partitions

Get the PIT (Partition Information Table):

sudo heimdall print-pit

Example partitions:

• BOOT
• RECOVERY
• SUPER
• VBMETA

⚠️ Many modern Samsung devices do not have a SYSTEM partition — use SUPER instead.

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🚀 Step 6: Flash the Firmware

Flash the files to correct partitions:

sudo heimdall flash \
  --BOOT boot.img \
  --RECOVERY recovery.img \
  --SUPER super.img \
  --VBMETA vbmeta.img

Customize flags based on what you extracted and what print-pit showed.

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🔁 Step 7: Reboot the Device

If the device doesn’t reboot automatically:

sudo heimdall reboot

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🛡️ (Optional) Setup udev Rule to Avoid sudo

echo 'SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04e8", MODE="0666"' | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/50-samsung.rules
sudo udevadm control --reload-rules

Unplug and replug your device afterward.

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✅ Done!

You’ve successfully flashed your Samsung firmware from Linux. 🎉 This method is especially useful for developers or users who don’t want to rely on Windows-only tools like Odin.

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📝 Notes

• Only flash firmware exactly matching your model number
• Back up your data — flashing usually wipes the device
• Be cautious — improper flashing can brick your device

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🔗 Resources

• Heimdall Project: https://github.com/Benjamin-Dobell/Heimdall
• Samsung Firmware: https://samfw.com/ or https://www.sammobile.com/

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heimdall is not working for recovery.img for samsung s6 lite(wifi), shows 'ERROR: Failed to receive session end confirmation!' this error and tab says only official binaries can be flashed.