LSB Replacement method 🔄️ in Python for Steganography

SampleFunc1.py

# Import required computer vision and array-based math libraries
import cv2, numpy as np

# Function to convert any type of data into binary
def to_bin(data):
  """Used to convert payload and pixel values to binary in payload hiding and extracting phase"""
  if isinstance(data, str):
    return ''.join([ format(ord(i), "08b") for i in data ])
  elif isinstance(data, bytes) or isinstance(data, np.ndarray):
    return [ format(ord(i), "08b") for i in data ]
  elif isinstance(data, int) or isinstance(data, np.uint8):
    return format(data, "08b")
  else:
    raise TypeError("Datatype not supported.")

# Function to hide secret_data into the image
def encode(image_name, secret_data):
  image = cv2.imread(image_name) # Read the image
  n_bytes = image.shape[0] * image.shape[1] * 3 // 8 # Maximum bytes to encode
  print("[*] Maximum bytes to encode:", n_bytes)
  secret_data += "=====" # add stopping criteria
  if len(secret_data) > n_bytes:
      raise ValueError("[!] Insufficient bytes, need bigger image or less data.")
  print("[*] Encoding data...")
  data_index = 0
  binary_secret_data = to_bin (secret_data) # convert data to binary
  data_len = len(binary_secret_data) # size of data to hide
  for row in image:
    for pixel in row:
    r, g, b = to_bin (pixel) # Convert RGB values to binary format
    if data_index < data_len: # Modify the least significant bit only if there is still data to store
      pixel[0] = int(r[:-1] + binary_secret_data[data_index], 2) # Least significant red pixel bit
      data index += 1
    if data_index < data_len:
      pixel[1] = int(g[-1] + binary_secret_data[data_index], 2) # Least significant green pixel bi
      data index += 1
    if data_index < data_len:
      pixel[2] = int(b[:-1] + binary_secret_data[data_index], 2) # Least significant blue pixel bit
      data index += 1
    if data_index >= data_len: # Break out of the loop if data is encoded
      break
  return image

# Function to extract secret_data from the image
def decode(image_name):
  print("[+] Decoding...")
  # Read the image
  image = cv2.imread(image_name)
  binary_data =
  for row in image:
    for pixel in row:
      r, g, b = to_bin(pixel)
      binary_data += r[-1]
      binary data += g[-1]
      binary data += b[-1]
  # Split by 8-bits
  all_bytes = [binary_data[i: i+8] for i in range(0, len(binary_data), 8):
  # Convert from bits to characters
  decoded_data = ""
  for byte in all_bytes:
    decoded_data += chr(int(byte, 2))
    if decoded_data[-5:] == "=====" :
        break
  return decoded_data[:-5]